基于MODIS数据的2002-2012年河南省火灾时空特征分析  

Spatio-temporal Characteristics Analysis of Fires Based on MODIS Data in Henan Province from 2002 to 2012

作　　者：张海军[1] 齐曙光[2] 

机构地区：[1]南阳师范学院环境科学与旅游学院,河南南阳473061 [2]南阳师范学院实验室与设备管理处,河南南阳473061

出　　处：《河北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期352-358,共7页Journal of Hebei Normal University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30771744);河南省科技厅软科学项目

摘　　要：火灾的时空特征分析可为防火管理和决策提供支持和参考．基于MODIS数据，利用ArcGIS空间分析和统计方法对2002-2012年河南省的火灾时空分布进行分析．研究表明：1）2002，2006，2008年为河南省火烧的峰值年份，2005，2007，2011年为谷值年份．各市的火烧面积年际间波动较大，11a来，周口、驻马店、商丘、平顶山、新乡、安阳、漯河和鹤壁的火灾最严重．2）谷类作物火、阔叶作物火、城市和建成区火是河南省最主要的3种火烧类型．火灾表现出随高程、坡度增大和随远离居民区和道路而逐渐减小的趋势，高程〈150m或坡度〈1°的地区火灾最严重，距离居民区和主要道路的2km内是火灾的最密集区．3）9月和10月为河南省火烧最严重的月份．9月火灾的LST，NDVI和GVMI的最大和最强响应区分别为301～303K，0．7～0．8，0．3～0．4和305～307K，0．8～0，9，0．3～0．4；10月火灾的LST，NDVI和GVMI的最大和最强响应区分别为303305K，0．3～0．4，0．1～0．2和305307K，0．2～0．3，0．0～0．1.4）谷类作物火、城市与建成区火10月均略高于9月，阔叶作物火10月则远高于9月．Spatio-temporal characteristics analysis of fires can provide support and reference for effective fire prevention management. MODIS data from 2002 to 2012 were used to analyze spatio-temporal distribution patterns of fires in Henan province using ArcGIS spatial analysis and statistical methods. Results showed that more fires （burned area and fire density） appeared in 2002, 2006 and 2008 and less fires appeared in 2005,2007 and 2011. The burned area in each city of Henan province fluctuated obviously year to year,and the most serious cities influenced by fires from 2002 to 2012 included in order Zhoukou, Zhumadian,Shangqiu,Pingdingshan, Xinxiang, Anyang, Luohe and Hebi. Three main fire types were cereal crops fire, broad-leaf crops fire, urban and built-up fire. Fires decreased with the increase of altitude, slope, distance from the nearest village and road. Fires were the most serious in those regions with the altitude of less than 150 meters or with the slope of less than one degree. Regions within two kilometers distance from the nearest village or main road were the most dense areas influenced by fires. September and October were influenced the most seriously by fires in Henan province. In September,the biggest and the strongest fireresponse ranges for LST,NDVI and GVMI were 301-303 K,0.7-0.8,0.3-0.4 and 305-307 K,0.8- 0.9,0.3-0.4,respectively. In contrast,they were 303-305 K,0.3-0.4,0.1-0.2 and 305-307 K,0.2- 0.3,0.0-0.1 in October. Cereal crops fire and urban and built-up fire occurrence in October were slightly higher than that in September. However, broad-leaf crops fire occurrence was much higher in October than that in September.

关 键 词：火灾 火烧迹地 MODIS 时空特征 时空分析 河南省 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]