‘阿尔冈金’紫花苜蓿在甘肃夏河地区产量和品质特性研究及综合评价  

Investigation and Comprehensive Evaluation of Yield and Nutritional Quality of Medicago sativa‘Algonguin'in Xiahe Country, Gansu Province

作　　者：毛祝新[1,2] 崔严葡[3] 韩桂军[1,2] 崔新爱[1,2] 杨群力[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省西安植物园 [2]陕西省植物研究所,西安710061 [3]西北工业大学附属中学,西安710072

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第23期1-6,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：陕西省科学院科技计划项目"西安植物园珍稀特色苗木繁育平台建设"(2014k-36);陕西省科学院青年基金项目"秦岭叶下珠优势种质资源筛选和遗传多样性研究"(2013k-19);陕西省科学院青年基金项目"功能性水凝胶分离黄芩多糖的新方法及黄芩多糖分析"(2013k-21)

摘　　要：优质豆科牧草选育和栽培对于高寒地区畜牧业发展具有重要意义。‘阿尔冈金’紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa‘Algonguin’)是耐寒性较强的优质豆科牧草,在高山草原适应性较强,在该区对其进行产量和营养品质动态研究,有利于当地高品质饲草的生产和利用。本研究在甘肃夏河地区通过田间试验,对‘阿尔冈金’在不同生长时期的干草产量和粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(CF)、可溶性糖(WSC)、灰分(ASH)含量和矿物元素含量的动态变化进行了研究。结果表明,‘阿尔冈金’草产量随着生长逐渐增加,而CP和CF含量在生长前期较高,生长后期逐渐降低。WSC含量随着生长先降低后增加。ASH和矿物元素含量在各生长时期的变化规律有所不同,ASH含量随着生长呈"N"变化规律,元素P、K和Na为直线型,Ca、Mg和Mn为正抛物线型,Cu和Zn为反抛物线型。从饲用角度看,各刈割期的CP含量均达到美国一等饲草标准;盛花期干草产量最高;各生长时期易消化性营养成分含量适中;矿物元素中,除Cu外,能够基本满足草地家畜对P、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Mn和Zn元素的营养需求。因此综合考量,‘阿尔冈金’是夏河地区适宜推广种植的豆科牧草,建议在盛花期对其进行收割,此时利用价值最高。Breeding and cultivation high quality legume forage is significant for the development of livestock industry on alpine grassland. ＇ Algonguin＇ is a kind of Medicago sativa L. which has a strong cold resistance in the region, the research on hay yield and nutrient dynamic change is beneficial for the production and utilization of high quality forage. The field trial was conducted in Xiahe which located on alpine grassland, to investigate the feeding value of algonguin at different growth stages. Sampling was performed at branching, squaring, 20% bloom and 80% bloom stages, to measure forage yield, and contents of crude protein （CP）, crude fat （CF）, water soluble carbohydrate （WSC）, ash （ASH）, and mineral elements. The results showed that, hay yield was increasing with the growth of algonguin, contents of CP and CF were both higher at early growth stages, but the contents decreased at late then. The variations of ASH and mineral growth stages. The content of WSC decreased firstly and increased elements showed different variation patterns among different growth stages. The variation of ASH was in ‘N’ varying pattern. The variation of P, K and Na contents was in linear type, the variation of Ca, Mg and Mn was in fight parabola type, while the variation of Cu and Zn was in anti- parabola type. In the view of forage utilization, CP contents of forages reached the first class standard of forage grass in America, the contents of easy digestive nutrition were in medium level, the content of P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Mn and Zn could satisfy the basic needs of livestock on alpine grassland. In conclusion, ‘ algonguin＇ was suitable for legume forage cultivation in Xiahe region, and the optimal cutting time was 80% bloom stage.

关 键 词：'阿尔冈金’ 高山地区 营养品质 矿物元素 综合评价 

分 类 号：Q812.4[生物学—生物工程]