砷对三七幼苗的毒害效应及临界值研究  

Toxicity and Its Threshold of Arsenic to Panax notoginseng Seedlings

作　　者：米艳华[1] 黎其万[1] 刘大会[2] 汪禄祥[1] 陈璐[1] 马杰[3] 张曦[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,云南昆明650223 [2]云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所,云南昆明650223 [3]中国科学院地理科学研究所与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2015年第7期10-16,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21267024;81260618);农业部公益性行业(农业)专项(201303088-12)

摘　　要：针对近年来药用植物三七砷污染状况,文章通过设置砷胁迫条件下三七幼苗水培试验,研究了砷对药用植物三七的毒害效应,阐明了三七幼苗砷毒害的表观症状和毒害特征,提出了三七苗砷毒害临界浓度和安全药用临界浓度推荐指标和推荐值。研究结果表明:低浓度的砷对三七植株的生长具有一定的促进作用,高砷条件下三七苗砷毒害症状明显,表现为根系发黄腐烂,根体积和根重下降,植株地上部分失水萎蔫或直接青枯死亡;二年生三七苗的耐砷能力强于一年生三七苗;综合分析三七苗株高、地下部须根长、地上部干重等效应指标与砷处理浓度的表观敏感性和相关性,推荐三七地上部分水分含量的EC20值作为砷对三七苗产生毒害的毒性阈值,其毒害效应临界浓度分别为一年生三七苗13.45 mg/L,二年生三七苗13.81 mg/L;以《药用植物及制剂进出口绿色行业标准》砷的限量指标≤2.0 mg/kg为基准,根据三七苗根系砷含量和砷处理浓度二次拟合方程,推荐水培条件下三七根系砷的安全临界浓度分别为一年生三七苗7.92 mg/L,二年生三七苗8.41 mg/L。Hydroponics experiment was done by setting Panax notoginseng seedlings under arsenic stress to study the toxic effects of arsenic on medicinal plant Panax notoginseng, to clarify the apparent symptoms and toxic characteristics of arsenic poisoning of Panax notoginseng seedlings. Recommended indicators and recommended values of Panax notoginseng threshold values of arsenic poisoning and safety of medicinal threshold values were proposed. Results indicated that low concentrations of arsenic can promote Panax notoginseng plants growth, while Panax notoginseng seedlings under high arsenic conditions has the symptoms such as yellow and rot root, decreasing root volume and root weight, dehydration wilting or direct dying. Resistance to arsenic ability by biennial Panax notoginseng seedlings is stronger than annual Panax notoginseng seedlings. Comprehensive analysis of Panax notoginseng and correlations with arsenic treatment concentrations, it was recommended moisture content EC2o values of Panax notoginseng aboveground as the toxicity threshold of arsenic, with the threshold values of toxic effects for Panax notoginseng as 13.45 mg/L for annual seedlings and 13.81 mg/L for biennial seedlings. With arsenic limit value in Green Industry Standard of Import and Export Medicinal Plants and Formulations which is less than 20 mg/kg as a benchmark, according to quadratic fitting equation of Panax notoginseng seediing roots arsenic and arsenic concentration, the safety threshold values of arsenic under hydroponic roots of Panax notoginseng were recommended as annual seedlings 7.92 mg/L, and biennial seedlings 8.41 mg/L.

关 键 词：砷 三七 毒害效应 临界浓度 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]