高异族接触大学生异族效应的脑机制探索  

The Race Effect and the Brain Processing Mechanism in Face Recognition in College Students With High Other Race Contact Experience

作　　者：王延培[1] 贾徳梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国.新疆师范大学教育科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2015年第8期1170-1174,共5页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区普通高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地新疆教师教育研究中心立项课题(编号:XJEDU040513B03);新疆师范大学发展与教育心理学重点学科立项课题(编号:13XSXZ103);新疆师范大学教育科学学院学生科技创新项目(编号:JY2014004)

摘　　要：目的:探讨高异族接触经验的汉族大学生在面孔识别中的异族效应及其脑加工机制。方法:选取高接触经验的汉族大学生为研究对象,通过被试内实验设计,采用S1-S2延迟匹配范式,收集Ncuro Scan公司生产的ESI128导脑电记录系统记录的脑电数据。结果:1在反应时上,面孔一致性的主效应显著(F=8.34,P<0.05);2在N270的平均波幅上,面孔一致性主效应显著(F=34.77,P<0.05),面孔一致性与民族交互作用显著(F=8.23,P<0.05);半球分析发现,当面孔为异族面孔时,面孔一致性主效应显著(F=18.71,P<0.05),民族与面孔一致性的交互作用显著(F=9.10,P<0.05);3在N400的平均波幅上,面孔一致性主效应显著(F=7.51,P<0.05),面孔一致性与民族交互作用显著(F=5.35,P=0.05)。结论:1高异族经验大学生在深层加工上依然存在异族效应;2高异族接触经验大学生在早期结构编码上可能采用了更为熟练的局部加工方式;3支持了Bruce和Young的多阶段认知模型,说明面孔识别确实存在早期结构编码和晚期面孔认知两个不同加工阶段。Objective：To explore the race effect and the brain processing mechanism in face recognition in Han college students with high other race contact experience.Methods：The participants were college students with high contact experience with other race.Adapting within subjects experimental design, and S1-S2 delay matching paradigm.The EEG data was collected by recording system of ESI128 channel made by NcuroScan corporation.Results：①The reaction time＇s presented that the main effect of the face consistency was significant（F=8.34,P〈0.05）.②In the mean of amplitude was N270,the main effect of the face consistency was significant（F=34.77,P〈0.05）;The analysis about brain hemisphere indicated that when the face was other face,the main effect of the face consistency was significant（F=18.71,P〈0.05）,the interaction between race and face consistency was obvious（F=9.10,P〈0.05）.③In the mean of amplitude was N400,the main effect of the face consistency was significant（F=7.51,P〈0.05）,the interaction between race and face consistency was significant（F=5.35,P=0.05）.Conclusion：①Han college students with high other race contact experience still have other race effect in deep processing;②Han college students with high other race contact experience may adpat the more mature partly processing style in early face structure coding;③The present study surportesd the Bruce and Young＇sMulti Stage of Cognitive Model,the findings illustrate that the face recgonition containes two different processing stage which are early structure coding and late face recgonition.

关 键 词：异族效应 N270 N400 高异族接触经验 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] B848.1[哲学宗教—心理学]