高取代度阳离子高直链淀粉的制备及絮凝性能  

Preparation and flocculation property of high-amylose cationic starch with high degree of substitution

作　　者：刘畅[1,2] 谭颖[1] 刘亚东[3] 敬翔 徐昆[1] 王丕新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春应用化学研究所生态环境高分子材料重点实验室,长春130022 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]辽宁石油化工大学化工化学与环境学部,抚顺113000

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2015年第8期216-218,221,共4页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划(20140204083GX,20140204064SF);中国科学院科技合作专项资金(2013SYHZ0014)

摘　　要：以高直链玉米淀粉为原料,NaOH为催化剂,2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵(ETA)为阳离子醚化剂,成功的制备了高取代度阳离子高直链淀粉。分别研究了反应溶剂、反应温度和时间、醚化剂用量、催化剂浓度等因素对产物取代度的影响。实验结果表明,当n(NaOH)/n(ETA)/n(脱水葡萄糖单元AGU)=0.30,反应溶剂为二氧六环和水(V/V=1∶1),n(ETA)/n(AGU)=2,反应温度为60℃,反应时间7h时,制备的阳离子淀粉取代度(DS)可达到1.27。采用FTIR、1 H-NMR和SEM表征了高取代度阳离子高直链淀粉的结构。絮凝实验表明,阳离子高直链淀粉可以作为一种良好的新型絮凝材料。2,3-epoxypropyltrimethy ammonium chloride（ETA） was successfully grafted onto the backbone of high- amylose corn starch with high degree of substitution（DS） in the presence of alkaline catalyst NaOH. The effects of reaction medium, temperature, time, ETA amounts and NaOH concentration on the DS of starch were investigated in detail. The re- sults indicated that the DS of starch was 1.27 when n （NaOH）/n （AGU）, n （ETA）/n （AGU）, reaction temperature and time were 0.30,2,60℃ and 7h, respectively. The macromolecular structure of starch was also confirmed by FTIR,1 HNMR and SEM. The flocculation experiment showed that high-amylose cationic starch with high degree of substitution could serve as novel flocculation material.

关 键 词：高直链玉米淀粉 醚化 阳离子淀粉 高取代度 絮凝材料 

分 类 号：O636.12[理学—高分子化学]