一种重力测量卫星质心在轨标定改进算法  

An Improved Algorithm for On-orbit Calibration of Gravity Measurement Satellite Center of Mass

作　　者：辛宁[1] 邱乐德[1] 张立华[2] 刘乃金[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国空间技术研究院通信卫星事业部,北京100094 [2]航天东方红卫星有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器工程》2015年第4期44-50,共7页Spacecraft Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91438205)

摘　　要：针对重力测量卫星质心在轨标定算法中存在的陀螺精度不高且易失效的问题,提出了一种应用星敏感器和静电加速度计的质心标定改进算法。在该算法中,将一个明显大于干扰力矩的周期性磁力矩,作用于卫星上;将星敏感器观测量代入预测滤波器中,估计卫星的角速度及角加速度;利用静电加速度计信息设计扩展卡尔曼滤波,从而实现卫星质心的标定。数学仿真结果表明:此算法能够对卫星的角速度及质心位置进行实时估计,卫星质心三轴最佳标定精度均优于0.05mm,可实现陀螺失效情况下卫星质心较为精确的标定。In view of low precision and vulnerability of gyros,an improved algorithm for on-orbit calibration of gravity measurement satellite center of mass based on star sensor and electrostatic accelerometer is proposed.A periodic magnetic torque which is larger than other external torques is applied on satellite.The observation of star sensor is used to estimate angular rate and acceleration based on predictive filter.The extended Kalman filter is used to estimate the center of mass of satellite by using electrostatic accelerometer data.The numerical simulation results indicate that the angular acceleration and center of mass can be real-time estimated synchronously,and the calibration accuracy of three axes is better than 0.05 mm,which can demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm even without gyros.

关 键 词：重力测量卫星 质心在轨标定 预测滤波 扩展卡尔曼滤波 星敏感器 

分 类 号：P223.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]