论中国比较教育的重生——基于学科制度结构的视角  

On the Reborn of the Comparative Education in China:the Structure of Disciplinary Institution

作　　者：马健生[1] 陈玥[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,北京100875 [2]陕西师范大学教育学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2015年第9期38-47,共10页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：国家社科基金重点课题"教育国际化政策及其实施效果的国际比较研究"(项目编号:ADA130006)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：目前,比较教育学者对比较教育的信心发生了根本性的动摇,学科自信变得不堪一击,学科优越感渐趋丧失,学科的可持续发展也正在瓦解。中国比较教育衰微的迹象主要体现在三个方面:就内部而言,比较教育的身份认同正在解构;就外部而言,比较教育的社会需求渐趋丧失;就世界范围而言,比较教育的式微之势难以避免。从学科制度结构看,中国比较教育衰微的缘由主要存在五个方面,即学科边界模糊不清;缺乏扎实可靠的方法论;缺乏稳定卓越的专业化研究队伍;研究成果"泡沫化"繁荣;缺乏规范化的学术培养与培训计划。中国比较教育要获得重生,就需要进行新的选择,即比较教育需"有所为,有所不为",而非"无所不包";比较教育研究需进一步确立方法论,而非"流于形式";比较教育需强化学科的专业化,避免"可替代性";比较教育应注重学科知识谱系,而非"一味讲求服务";比较教育需加强学术培养与培训计划的规范性,避免"丧失竞争力"。There has been a fundamental waver of confidence in comparative education for scholars in this discipline recently out of the fragility of the discipline self-confidence, the disappearance of the discipline superiority and the disintegration of the discipline sustainable development. The decadent of comparative education mainly is embodied in three aspects：the deconstruction of this discipline itself internally; gradual loss of social demand externally, and the inevitable decline of comparative education in the world. From the view of structure of disciplinary institution,five dimensions attributed to the decadent of the comparative education,namely the blurred disciplinary boundaries ; the lack of solid and reliable methodology; the absence of excellent professionalism and professional research team;the ＂bubbling＂ prosperity of research fruition and the dearth of standardized academic cultivation and training plan. The reborn of the comparative education needs to make some new choices such as ＂staying something valuable rather than including everything inside＂; further establishing its own methodology rather than make it a frothy rhetoric ; strengthening the specialization of the discipline to be non-fungible focusing on the construction of subject knowledge rather than blindly stressing service; and emphasizing the standardization of academic cultivation training plan and training program to avoid losing its own competitiveness.

关 键 词：比较教育 比较教育的衰微 比较教育的重生 学科制度结构 

分 类 号：G40-059.3[文化科学—教育学原理]