早生优质绿茶单株的鉴定与评价  

Identification and evaluation on early-budding and high-quality green tea individual plant

作　　者：韦柳花[1] 韦静峰[1] 苏敏[1] 罗小梅[1] 诸葛天秋[1] 邓慧群[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西桂林茶叶科学研究所,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2015年第7期1248-1252,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(14121008-1-7);广西直属公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(GCJB-14-2);桂林市科技攻关项目(20130110-1-1-2)

摘　　要：[目的]鉴定、评价优良茶树资源,为广西茶树优良新品种培育奠定基础。[方法]采用田间调查法、感官审评法和理化分析手段相结合的方法鉴定、分析10份优良茶树资源的农艺性状、营养芽物候期、产量、品质和抗逆性。[结果]10个绿茶单株均生长旺盛。桂8号1芽2叶期比对照（CK,福鼎大白茶）早3 d,桂4号、桂10号与对照相当,均属于早生型绿茶;桂3号、桂7号和桂9号植株的新梢发芽密度小于对照,其余单株新梢发芽密度均大于对照;各单株制成的烘青绿茶品质较佳,其中桂4号香气（花香型）浓郁且持久;各单株内含物丰富,其中氨基酸含量2.07%~3.66%,均低于对照,以桂9号最高,桂8号次之（2.95%）;茶多酚含量为26.11%~36.14%,以桂10号最高,桂3号（29.90%）、桂7号（29.05%）和桂4号（28.38%）次之;各单株抗逆性强,与对照相当。[结论]桂4号和桂8号综合表现较好,属于早生、优质、抗逆性强的茶树优良单株,进行品比试验和区域试验后有望培育出新品种。[Objective]The superior tea germplasms were identified and evaluated to lay foundation for breeding new tea varieties of Guangxi. [Method]Through field investigation, sensory evaluation and physicochemical analysis, ten su- perior tea germplasms＇ agronomic traits, phenology of vegetative bud, yield, quality and stress resistance were investigat- ed and analysed. [Result]The results showed that ten green tea individual plants grew very well. During period of one- bud and two-leaves, Gui 8 budded about three days earlier than control（CK, Fuding white tea）, and the budding time of Gui 4 and Gui 10 were similar to that of control, thus Gui 8, Gui 4 and Gui 10 were early budding varieties of green tea. In addition, the sprout densities of Gui 3, Gui 7 and Gui 9 were less than sprout density of CK, respectively, and the sprout densities of other varieties was higher than sprout density of CK, respectively. The baked green tea from individual plant of every variety was high-quality, the green tea of Gui 4 had rich and persistent flower fragrance. All individual plants were rich in various contents, as follows： their amino acid contents （2.07%-3.66%） was lower than amino acid content of CK, respectively, and the amino acid content of Gui 9 was the highest, closely followed by Gui 8 （2.95%）; the polyphenols contents of all individual plants were 26.11%-36.14%, and the polypbenols content of Gui l0 was the highest,closely followed by Gui 3 （29.90%）, Gui 7 （29.05%） and Gui 4 （28.38%）. All individual plants＇ resis- tances to adverse condition were similar to CK＇s resistance, respectively. [Conclusion]The Gui 4 and Gui 8 show good comprehensive performance, which are characterized by early budding, high quality and strong stress resistance. There- fore, Gui 4 and Gui 8 were used to conduct comparison test and regional test for breeding new varieties.

关 键 词：茶树 优良单株 鉴定 评价 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]