两种乳中脂肪球粒径、脂肪酶活性以及游离脂肪酸的比较分析  

Comparison of milk fat globule,Lipoprotein Lipase activity and free fatty acids from two breeds milk

作　　者：王风梅[1,2] 梁琪[1,2] 文鹏程[1,2] 张炎[1,2] 黄绍海[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省功能性乳品实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]兰州雪顿生物乳业有限公司,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2015年第19期95-100,共6页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项项目(211DFA32550);兰州市研政产合作项目(2012-2-87);国家青年基金项目(31301457)

摘　　要：以萨能奶山羊乳和荷斯坦牛乳为研究对象,用罗兹哥特法和激光动态散射仪分别测定了两种乳的脂肪含量、脂肪球粒径大小以及分布;用脂肪酶活性的临床分析方法测定了脂蛋白脂肪酶在乳脂肪和脱脂乳中的分布;采用硅胶-氧化铝柱层析分离脂肪酸,用气相色谱质谱测定了两种乳中游离脂肪酸的种类及含量。结果表明:萨能奶山羊乳和荷斯坦牛乳中的脂肪含量分别为4.04、3.55 g/100 m L;平均脂肪粒径为3.46、3.16μm;脂肪球粒径与脂肪含量之间存在线性正相关关系。萨能奶山羊乳和荷斯坦牛乳脂蛋白脂肪酶的活性分别为229.62±9.31、(366.81±24.33)U/L,其中乳脂肪中脂蛋白脂肪酶的含量分别为51.35%、27.09%,脱脂乳中含量分别为48.65%、72.91%;萨能奶山羊乳和荷斯坦牛乳中总的游离脂肪酸分别为211.38、717.02 mg/kg;短链游离脂肪酸含量分别为205.51、20.05 mg/kg;其中辛酸和癸酸是影响萨能奶山羊乳风味的主效成分。The milk of Saanen Goat and Holstein Cattle were used as the material to investigate the fat content and fat globule size by Rose Gottileb method and laser light scattering respectively.The Lipoprotein lipase activity and the free fatty acids which were separated from the milk fat were researched using the chromatographic column containing alumina and silica gel as measured by lipase activity analysis in clinica and the gas chromatograph mass spectrometer respectively.The results showed that the fat content of Saanen Goat milk and Holstein milk were4.04,3.55 g /100 m L respectively,the mean fat globule size were 3.46,3.16 μm respectively,the linear and positive relationship was found in the milks between fat globule size and fat content. The Lipoprotein Lipase activity in Saanen milk and Holstein milk were 229.62 ± 9.31,（ 366.81 ± 24.33） U / L,the distribution of Lipoprotein Lipase of Saanen milk and Holstein milk in the cream phase was 51.35% and 27.09%,in skim milk were 48.65% and 72.91%.The total free fat acids from Saanen Goat and Holstein Cattle were 211.38 and 717.02 mg / kg,the short chain free fat acids were 22.05 and 205.51 mg / kg. The caproic acids and caprylic acid were the main effect flavour components in Saanen goat milk.

关 键 词：乳 脂肪球粒径 游离脂肪酸 气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS) 

分 类 号：TS251.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]