口腔颌面部间隙感染患者常见菌群分布和药敏分析  

The distribution of general p athogenic bacteria and drug susceptibility of patients with oral and maxillofacial infections

作　　者：刘巧荣[1] 石磊[1] 路兴华[2] 雷玲利 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省人民医院口腔科,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省人民医院普外科,甘肃兰州730000 [3]甘肃省人民医院门诊部,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《甘肃医药》2015年第9期652-655,共4页Gansu Medical Journal

基　　金：甘肃省护理科研项目(项目编号:GSHLKY-2014-05)

摘　　要：目的:了解口腔颌面部间隙感染患者常见病原菌分布及药物敏感性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供基础依据。方法:收集2014年2月到2015年2月就诊于甘肃省人民医院的口腔颌面部间隙感染患者160例,取其感染部位脓液标本进行病原菌培养,采用微生物分析系统Bact-IST进行细菌菌群鉴定,K-B法进行药物敏感性测试,数据分析采用WHONET5.6统计软件进行。结果:160份送检脓液标本共分离出207株细菌。其中革兰氏阳性菌115株,占55.56%。革兰氏阴性菌84株,占40.58%,真菌8株,占3.86%。药敏试验结果显示,金黄色葡萄球菌对环丙沙星、克林霉素、利福平和万古霉素的敏感度较高。表皮葡萄球菌对环丙沙星和万古霉素的敏感度较高。肺炎链球菌则对万古霉素和亚胺培南较为敏感。普雷沃菌对甲硝唑、万古霉素、亚胺培南和氨曲南的敏感度较高。结论:口腔颌面部间隙感染患者临床感染类型主要以革兰氏阳性菌为主,在检出的革兰氏阴性菌株,以厌氧菌为主。大多数致病菌为耐多种抗生素,在临床治疗时,应合理使用抗生素以防止细菌耐药。Objective：To investigate the distribution of general pathogenic bacteria and drug susceptibility of patient with oral and maxillofacial infections,which would provide evidence for clinical rational use of antibiotics. Methods：160 patients with oral and maxillofacial infections were chosen from Feb, 2014 to Feb,2015. The stains from each patient were cultured and identified respectively. The Bact-IST system was used to identify the bacterial flora, and KB method was used to test the drug susceptibility, as well as WHONET5.6 software was used to analyze the data. Results： 207 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 160 patients. which including 115 strains of gram-postive（55.56%）, 84 of gram-negative（40.58%）, as well as 8 strains of fungi（3.86%）. The drug susceptibility test showed that the staphylococcus aureus was susceptible to ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, rifampicin and vancomycin. Staphylococcus epidermidis was susceptible to ciprofloxacin and vancomycin. Streptococcus pneumonia had a high susceptibility to vancomycin and imipenem. As well as the prevotella was susceptible to metronidazole, vancomycin, imipenem and aztreonam. Conclusion： Gram-positive bacteria are the most common infection pathogen in patients with oral and maxillofacial space infection. Meanwhile anaerobic bacteria are the main detected gram-negative strains. Most pathogenic bacteria are resistant to many antibiotics, which suggests should be used more reasonable to prevent drug resistance in clinical treatment antibiotics.

关 键 词：口腔颌面部间隙感染 菌群分布 药敏 

分 类 号：R781.9[医药卫生—口腔医学]