论「です」的动词替代功能——以《新版标准日本语》的应用会话为中心  

On the Verb Substitution Function "Desu" : Based on Applying Conversations in "New Standard Japanese"

作　　者：刘莉[1] 王华伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学外国语学院,天津300387

出　　处：《科教文汇》2015年第25期169-173,共5页Journal of Science and Education

摘　　要：桥本进吉指出「です」属于附属词,是一种表示断定的标志。「です」的功能根据语境的不同而有所不同,「です」是断定助动词,有表示断定的功能,也有作为礼貌语对听者表达敬意的功能。研究「です」的论文很多,但是,目前我们还没有发现指出「です」有动词替代功能的论文。本文主要是以《新编标准日本语》的应用会话为中心,从「です」的分类以及语法功能、「です」的接续形式以及替代功能、省略和替代的定义区别、「です」的动词替代功能的形成原因以及对日语学习者的启示等方面对「です」的动词替代功能进行论述。Hashimoto Shinkichi stated that ＂desu＂ belongs to subordinate words, acting as a marker of judgment. The function of ＂Desu＂ varies according to the context. ＂Desu＂ is an auxiliary verb of conclusion, indicating the function of judgment, and the function of expressing respect for the listener as a polite expres- sion. There are many research papers on ＂desu＂, however, we have not found articles that point out the verb substitution func- tion of ＂desu＂. Based on applying conversations in ＂New Stan- dard Japanese＂, this paper mainly elaborates the verb substitu- tion function of ＂desu＂ from the classification and grammatical functions of ＂desu＂, the splice forms and vicarious function of ＂desu＂, the difference between the definition of abbreviation and substitution, the formation reasons of the verb substitution func- tion of ＂desu＂, as well as its enlightenment for Japanese learners.

关 键 词：です 语境 动词替代功能 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]