施氮水平对稻茬晚播小麦籽粒淀粉含量与糊化特性的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Rate on Starch Content and Pasting Properties in Grain of Late Sowing Wheat in Rice-wheat Rotation

作　　者：王枟刘 闫素辉[1] 王其飞[1] 陶胜[1] 刘颂[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院农学院,安徽凤阳233100

出　　处：《安徽科技学院学报》2015年第3期6-9,共4页Journal of Anhui Science and Technology University

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(1408085QC54);安徽省高校省级优秀青年人才基金项目(2012SQRL142);安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(AH201310879054)

摘　　要：选用3个小麦品种为材料,设置4个氮素水平(施纯氮0、120、240和360 kg/hm2),研究了不同施氮水平对稻茬晚播小麦籽粒淀粉组分含量及糊化特性的影响,及淀粉组分与糊化特性的关系。结果表明,随着氮素水平的提高,稻茬晚播小麦籽粒中淀粉含量、直链淀粉含量和直/支比逐渐下降,3小麦品种均表现一致。增施氮肥对晚播小麦籽粒的淀粉糊化特性有较大影响,随着施氮量的增加,3小麦品种淀粉峰值黏度等糊化参数呈现出先升高后下降的趋势,其中N2处理最高。相关分析表明,小麦淀粉峰值黏度等糊化参数与直链淀粉含量、直/支比极显著负相关,与支链淀粉含量呈极显著正相关。说明氮素通过改变稻茬晚播小麦籽粒淀粉组成含量进而影响其淀粉糊化特性。Three wheat eultivars SN1391, GC8901 and YNI9 were tested in this study. To evaluate effects of ni- trogen rate on starch content and pasting properties in grain of late sowing wheat in rice - wheat rotation, a fertil- izer experiment was designed with four nitrogen rates of 0, 120, 240 and 360 kg/hm2. The results showed that the contents of starch, amylose content and the ratio of amylose and amylopectin decreased gradually within the nitrogen rates from 0 to 360 kg/hm2. Three wheat cultivars showed consistent. Nitrogen application could in- crease RVA parameters, including peak viscosity, though viscosity breakdown, peak time within the nitrogen rates from 0 to 240 kg/hm2. However, excessive nitrogen of 360 kg/hm2 reduced the RVA parameters. Remark- able negative correlation was found between the RVA parameters and amylose content. However, there was a sig- nificant positive correlation between the RVA parameters and amylopectin content. It suggested that nitrogen changed the content of starch component, and then affected starch gelatinization characteristics.

关 键 词：晚播小麦 氮素 淀粉含量 糊化特性 

分 类 号：S512.062[农业科学—作物学]