瑞恰慈实用批评的价值与局限  

Value and Limitation of I.A.Richards's Practical Criticism

作　　者：曹莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学人文学院外文系,北京100084

出　　处：《外国文学》2015年第5期99-109,159,共11页Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"剑桥批评传统及其在中国的影响与意义"(06BWW001)

摘　　要：I.A.瑞恰慈是20世纪英美文学批评理论的奠基人之一,他将科学与诗、语义学和心理学、交流理论和价值理论结合在一起,使以"实用批评"为核心的文学研究和批评成为一个新兴的、制度化的学科。在一个西方文明遭遇世界大战、科学简约主义和大众消费主义的威胁而面临崩溃和分化的时代,他以惊人的独创性重组批评方法和批评修辞,将批评实践与文化救赎和价值判断紧密地结合在一起,为文学批评和人文主义的重建做出了独树一帜的贡献。本文从思想渊源和批评原理两个维度分析瑞恰慈的实用批评所具有的价值和局限,并说明文学批评之于瑞恰慈的文化救赎意义。I.A.Richards is one of the founding fathers of the 20 th century English and American literary criticism.By combining science and poetry,semantics and psychology,communication and value theories into one systematic principle he makes'practical criticism'a newly established disciplinary subject of study in literary studies and criticism.In an age of fragmentation and division when western civilization was threatened by world wars,scientific reductionism and mass consumerism,Richards tried to recreate a critical methodology and rhetoric that would link criticism to cultural salvation,thus making unique contributions to humanities and literary criticism.This paper offers an analysis of the value and limitation of practical criticism through examining its intellectual resources and critical principles,while demonstrating Richards's efforts in making literary criticism a means of cultural redemption.

关 键 词：瑞恰慈 实用批评 文化救赎 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]