二语习得中句法-语义的可学性——以非宾格动词存现结构为例  

Learnability of syntactico-semantics in L2 acquisition——A case study of unaccusative existentials

作　　者：张达球[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学

出　　处：《外语与翻译》2015年第3期35-42,共8页Foreign Languages and Translation

基　　金：国家社科基金;项目编号为14BYY002;教育部人文社科基金的部分成果;项目编号为11YJA740116

摘　　要：本文通过英语中使成-非宾格转换类动词(AU)、不可转换类非宾格动词(NAU)和非作格动词(UE)三类动词在There-存现结构中的句法表现,结合其对应的"有"字存现句,合并存现句和移位非宾格句三类汉语结构,进行英汉匹配优先选择问卷调查,检验中国英语学习者在非宾格结构句法-语义的可学性以及母语迁移影响。结果发现中国英语学习者在可转换类非宾格动词和非作格动词及对应的汉语结构匹配选择上有明显差异,这为母语迁移影响提供了有力支持,同时英语这两类动词的There-结构的语法判断高错误率也揭示了语言可学性上存在的困难。不可转换类非宾格动词及其结构的习得相对是成功的,这是先天语言机制和后天输入刺激双重作用的结果。This paper conducted a survey on the English unaccusative There-construction with the corresponding Chinese counterparts by Chinese L2 learners at college level to check the learnability of the syntax and semantics of the construction and how L2 interacts with L1 in L2 acquisition of the construction. In the experiment,verbs of AU,NAU and UE are employed in There-construction and three equivalent translations in Chinese are given for each Theresentence in English. The subjects were required to make their choices of priority to the English There-sentence from the three equivalents in Chinese. It was found that AU and UE verbs display a quite high priority to existential patterns to match their English counterparts,meanwhile a high rate of erroneous grammatical judgment was found. We argue this is due to the negative impact of L1 on L2 in L2 acquisition. Too many errors in GJ may imply great difficulties in learnability which could be worked out by Innateness Hypothesis and input stimuli interacting with each other.

关 键 词：二语习得 可学性 非宾格性 存现结构 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]