上海市初中生烟草暴露状况  

Cross-sectional investigation on tobacco exposure among youths in Shanghai

作　　者：尉晓霞 丁园 

机构地区：[1]上海市健康教育所控烟与行为干预部,200040

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第9期1300-1303,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：2013年中央补助地方健康素养促进项目;世界卫生组织和美国疾病预防控制中心全球青少年烟草调查中国项目(200835942;200880576;200964536)

摘　　要：目的了解上海市初中生吸烟率及烟草流行相关情况,为减少青少年烟草暴露提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法,在上海市8个区县24所学校的3 155名初中生中开展问卷调查,调查内容包括青少年的烟草使用、戒烟、二手烟暴露、烟草制品获取渠道、烟草消费水平及对烟草的态度和认识等。对调查数据加权调整,运用点估计和95%可信区间分析各统计指标。结果上海市青少年现在吸烟率和尝试吸烟率分别为1.1%和7.7%。在大多数情况下,男生现在吸烟率高于女生,但在12岁及以下的年龄段,女生现在吸烟率(1.4%)高于男生(1.0%)。男生现在吸烟率随年龄的增长而增加,女生现在吸烟率随年龄的增长而降低;男女生的尝试吸烟率均随着年龄的增长而升高,不同年龄阶段男生的尝试吸烟率均高于女生;从15岁开始,男女生的尝试吸烟率均呈现出快速升高的趋势。青少年在家中的二手烟暴露率为41.5%,在室内公共场所和室外公共场所曾经暴露于二手烟的比例分别为51.4%和58.9%。结论上海市青少年受到的被动吸烟危害依然较为严重,需重点针对15岁以下青少年开展系统性干预,降低青少年在家中和公共场所的二手烟暴露风险。Objective To describe current status of tobacco use among youths in Shanghai. Methods In general,3 155 students from 24 junior middle schools in 8 districts of Shanghai were chosen by multi-stage stratified sampling. Information on tobacco use, smoking quitting, exposure to second-hand smoke, access to tobacco products, tobacco consumption, knowledge-attitudeperceptions towards tobacco use was collected by self-administrated questionnaire. Data was analyzed by SPSS 21.0. Point estimates and 95% confidence interval was used. Results Smoking rate and the rate of trying to smoke among youths in Shanghai was 1.1% and 7.7%,respectively. Generally,smoking rate in boys was higher than girls; however,it was the opposite among students under 12 years old. Smoking rates in boys and girls showed different trends with age, increasing with age among boys while decreasing with age among girls. Trying to smoke in boys was more common than girls in all age groups. Trying to smoke increased abruptly from 15 years old. The rate of exposure to second-hand smoke in youths at home was 41.5% ,and students who were once exposed in secondhand smoke in public accounted for more than 50%. Conclusion Targeted interventions are needed in youths especially above 15 years old. Exposure to second-hand smoke among children remains a major public health problem in Shanghai. Effective education and intervention on exposure to second-hand smoke should be prevented both in the home and the whole society.

关 键 词：烟草烟污染 健康教育 青少年 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R195[文化科学—教育技术学]