我国第三人事后程序保障模式  

Research on the Mode of Third Party's After-procedure Protection in China

作　　者：张兴美[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2015年第5期133-142,175-176,共10页Journal of National Prosecutors College

基　　金：最高人民检察院理论研究课题"庭前会议中的检察职能"(GJ2013C22)的阶段性研究成果;国家"2011计划"司法文明协同创新中心的大力支持

摘　　要：随着判决效力逐渐向外扩张、不诚信诉讼行为日渐增多,基于民事诉讼法实体目的与程序目的兼顾的要求,对于因非可归责于己的事由而没有参与原诉讼程序、利益又受前诉判决效力所及的案外第三人,赋予其有效的事后救济程序以弥补事前程序利益保障的欠缺日益具有了正当性、必要性与迫切性。我国2012年修改的《民事诉讼法》确立了第三人撤销之诉制度。这种模式选择,无论是从立法理念、适用主体、诉讼事由等方面来看,亦或是从对管辖、判决效力的兼顾性来讲,是权衡了"再审"模式、"另行起诉"模式之后做出的,目前最为恰当的一种第三人事后程序救济方式。在要求第三人撤销之诉的立法目的向程序保障进一步深化的同时,这一制度与审判监督程序、执行异议、案外人申请再审等关涉第三人程序保障制度之间的协调问题,亟待在司法解释的基础上予以进一步分析和探讨,以免造成司法实践中的适用困境。With the principle of judgment's relativity spreading outwards gradually and unfaithful litigation acts increase,to satisfy both the entity and procedure purposes of civil procedure law,it is of legitimacy,necessary and emergency to give effective after-procedure relief and protection to the third party,who can not attend the original lawsuit with the reason of which not attributable to himself and whose civil rights are related to the lawsuit,to make up the lack of procedural interests protection before procedure. The 2012 revised Civil Procedure Law established the withdrawal lawsuit of the thirdparty,which is the best after-procedure relief after balancing retrial mode and separate indication considering no matter legislative concept,subjects of application and cause of action or validity of judgments and jurisdiction. With the legislative purpose of the third party withdrawal lawsuit going further in procedure protection demanded,its relationship with third party's procedure protection institutions,such as trial supervision procedure,objection to execution and retrial request form person other than involved in the case,need to be further analyzed and studied to avoid difficulties in application.

关 键 词：判决效力 第三人利益保护 再审程序 执行异议 案外人申请再审 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]