不同类型交通警示标识的记忆效果差异  

The Difference of Memory Effects among Three Types of Traffic Warning Signs

作　　者：刘景怡 闫子豪[1] 杨海波[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300387

出　　处：《心理技术与应用》2015年第10期8-11,共4页Psychology(Techniques and Applications)

摘　　要：交通警示是指用文字或符号传递引导、限制、警告或指示信息的道路设施,其呈现方式主要为文字类、图片类和图文结合类。研究以120名青年人为被试,探讨了民众对三种交通警示标识的记忆效果。结果发现,民众对不同类型交通警示标识的记忆效果存在显著差异,具体表现为:(1)自由回忆成绩上,图片类交通警示的成绩最好,图文结合类次之,文字类的成绩最差;(2)再认反应时上,图片类交通警示标识的再认时间最短,图文结合类警示标识的再认时间最长;(3)再认正确率上,图片类交通警示标识的再认正确率最高,文字类警示标识的再认正确率最低。结果表明,民众对图片类交通警示标识的记忆效果优于图文结合类和文字类。Traffic warningsign refers to road facilities which deliver guiding,limiting,warning or indicating information in words or symbols. Traffic warning signs mainly appear in text,picture or text-picture combined. This study is single factor designed,exploring the effect of three kinds of traffic warning signs on the memory of public. The subjects are 120 young people. Results show there is significant difference between the memory effect of different types of traffic warning signs. Specifically,（ 1） in free recall task,people who watched picture traffic warning signs score highest,text-picture combined group score second,text group score lowest;（ 2） people who watched picture traffic warning signs have the shortest recognition time,while the text-picture combined group have the longest recognition time;（ 3） people who watched picture traffic warning signs have the highest recognition accuracy rate,while the text group have the lowest recognition accuracy rate. The result shows that people have better memory on traffic warning signs in picture form than traffic warning signs in text-picture combined or text form.

关 键 词：交通警示类型 记忆 自由回忆 再认 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]