道德情绪的特点、发展及其对行为的影响  

The Characteristics and Development of Moral Emotion and Its Influence on Moral Behavior

作　　者：陈英和[1] 白柳[1] 李龙凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理与行为研究》2015年第5期627-636,共10页Studies of Psychology and Behavior

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(12JJD190001);北京市哲学社会科学规划重点项目(12JYA003)

摘　　要：道德情绪是在个体根据社会规范或行为准则对行为进行评价时所产生的情绪,可以根据不同的标准进行划分;道德情绪中的自我意识情绪需要自我意识和自我评价等过程的参与,其发展也受众多内外因素的影响;道德情绪具有重要的社会功能,行为和神经科学层面的研究都表明道德情绪对于个体的道德行为及相关因素有重要影响;不同的道德情绪对行为的影响存在差异,且现有的相关研究结果仍存在争议;未来研究应该加强关于道德情绪对道德行为影响的内在机制及脑科学研究,同时还应较多关注道德情绪及道德行为在较小儿童上的发展及实际应用。Moral emotions arise when a person recognize that one′ s behavior transgresses moral norms or standards.Based on different criterions, moral emotions can be classified into different clusters. Among them, self-conscious emotions, which involve self-awareness and self-evaluation, have been concerned. Research has suggested that the development of moral emotions might be influence by various factors, such as temperament and parenting.Besides, both behavioral and neurological evidences have documented that moral emotions have a key effect on moral behaviors and the factors related to moral behaviors. Although it is believed that different moral emotions are associated with different behaviors, no consistent conclusions have been drawn. Thus, we proposed that future studies should focus on the potential mechanisms of the link between moral emotions and behaviors. Neuro-science studies were also suggested. Additionally, more attention should be paid to the dynamic associations be-tween moral emotions and moral behaviors among young children, and more practical applications are needed.

关 键 词：道德情绪 道德行为 内疚 羞耻 自豪 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]