提高发酵桑叶饲料必需氨基酸含量的复合菌剂  

The Composite Probiotics for Improving the Content of Essential Amino Acids in Fermented Mulberry Leaves

作　　者：胡仁建[1,2] 杨丽群[1] 蔡家利[2] 周丽[2] 黄永福[2] 李重阳[1] 王鹏[2] 向仲怀[1] 崔红娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]家蚕基因组生物学国家重点实验室,西南大学,重庆400715 [2]重庆理工大学药学与生物工程学院,重庆400075

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2015年第5期902-907,共6页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81201551);重庆市自然科学基金项目(No.CSTC2013jcyjys0007);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(No.20130182110003);中央高校业务经费专项(No.SWU111014,XDJK2013B020)

摘　　要：采用复合菌剂对桑叶进行发酵处理,提高桑叶用作畜禽饲料的营养价值。选用枯草芽孢杆菌、植物乳酸杆菌、啤酒酵母和米曲霉菌4种饲料级微生物添加剂菌种,设计至少由3个菌种组合且分高、中、低添加剂量的共9个复合菌剂配方,测定经不同配方复合菌剂发酵处理后桑叶饲料中的粗蛋白、17种游离氨基酸等营养成分的含量变化,筛选较优的用于桑叶饲料发酵的复合菌剂配方。经9个配方复合菌剂发酵处理的桑叶饲料与发酵前的桑叶粉比较:粗蛋白含量均极显著增加(P<0.001);17种游离氨基酸含量也有不同程度提高,其中除色氨酸外的7种必需氨基酸含量较显著(P<0.01)或极显著(P<0.001)增加,3种重要氨基酸(谷氨酸、蛋氨酸和赖氨酸)的含量总和极显著增加(P<0.001)。综合检测结果,用3个菌种组合的高菌量和中等菌量复合菌剂发酵处理桑叶饲料,可明显提高桑叶饲料的蛋白质含量和品质,这6个配方的复合菌剂可用于改善桑叶饲料产品的营养品质。To improve nutritional value of mulberry leaves used as feed for livestock and poultry,mulberry leaves were treated by means of fermentation with composite probiotics. Four microbial feed additives including Bacillus subtilis,Lactobacillus plantarum,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,and Aspergillus molds were used to design nine formulas which contain at least 3 microbial strains at high,medium and low dosage. After being fermented with different formulas of composite probiotics,the content variations of crude proteins and 17 free amino acids in mulberry leaf forage were determined to screen the microbial additive formula suitable for fermentation of mulberry leaf forage. Compared with mulberry leaf powder before fermentation,the content of crude proteins in mulberry leaf forage fermented with composite probiotics of 9 formulas was all significantly increased（ P0. 001） The content of 17 free amino acid was increased at various degrees,amongwhich the content of 7 essential amino acids（ except tryptophan） was significantly increased（ P 0. 01） or extremely significantly increased（ P0. 001）. In addition,the total content of 3 crucial amino acids namely glutamic acid,lysine and methionine was extremely significantly increased（ P0. 001）. The results showed that after being fermented with composite probiotics containing 3 microbial strains at high and medium dosage,the protein content and quality of mulberry leaf forage were improved. Thesecomposite probiotics of 6 formulas can be used to improve the nutritional value of mulberry leaf forage.

关 键 词：畜禽饲料 桑叶粉 复合菌剂 发酵 营养成分 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]