上海市某区小学生零食消费现况  

Snack consumption among pupils in Shanghai

作　　者：曹志娟[1,2] 王书梅[2] 郭家宁[2] 曲爽笑 孙晔[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属上海市第一妇婴保健院,上海201204 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2015年第10期1469-1471,1475,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：上海市公共卫生重点学科建设计划资助项目(12GWZX0301)

摘　　要：目的了解《中国儿童青少年零食消费指南》在小学生中的知晓率,并参照该指南的零食分类和推荐消费级别对小学生的零食消费现况进行评价,为开展儿童零食行为干预提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,抽取上海市某区14所小学四年级学生共1 770名,通过问卷调查,获取过去1个月内小学生的零食消费情况信息。结果《中国儿童青少年零食消费指南》在小学生中的知晓率仅为22.2%。十大类43种零食中,学生消费报告率前10位依次是新鲜蔬果(86.7%)、纯鲜奶(78.6%)、黑巧克力和牛奶纯巧克力(70.2%)、水煮蛋(60.8%)、棉花糖和话梅糖等(56.2%)、蒸煮烤制的红薯或土豆(54.9%)、纯酸奶(52.4%)、豆浆(50.3%)、蛋糕及甜点(49.3%)、无糖或低糖燕麦片、全麦面包、全麦饼干(45.0%)。消费频率过量的学生人数所占比例排名前5的分别为蛋糕及甜点(67.9%)、奶油夹心饼干(63.2%)、巧克力派(61.9%)、全脂或低脂炼乳(61.0%)、棉花糖奶糖等(50.8%)。结论小学生对"限量食用级别"和"适当食用"级别的零食消费行为存在严重的消费频率过量现象。学校和家庭要相互沟通,帮助儿童选择合理的零食,为儿童健康成长提供良好环境。Objective This study aims to acquire awareness rate of ＂Guidelines on Snacks for Chinese Children and Adolescents＂ and to evaluate snack consumption among pupils in Shanghai, and to provide basis for intervention of snacking behavior. Methods A total of 1 770 （ 931 boys, 839 girls） students from 14 primary schools were selected by a cluster random sampling method. Information on snack consumption within the past one month was obtained through questionnaire. Results The awareness rate of ＂Guidelines on Snacks for Chinese Children and Adolescents＂ was only about 22.2% ; Top five snacks of excessive consumption in 43 kinds of snacks were cakes and desserts （ 67.9% ）, butter sandwich crackers （ 63.2% ）, chocolate pie （ 61.9% ）, whole milk or low-fat milk {61.0%}, marshmallow candy （50.8%）. Conclusion Excessive snacks consuming behaviors of ＂ limited consumption level＂ and ＂appropriate consumption level＂ is common among primary students. Schools and families should work together to help children choose reasonable snacks and provide good environment for children＂ s healthy growth.

关 键 词：健康教育 饮食习惯 饮料 进食 学生 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R155.1[文化科学—教育技术学]