外源硒及脯氨酸对菜用黄麻生长和生理特性的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Selenium and Proline on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Edible Jute

作　　者：陶爱芬[1] 陈娴娴[1] 祁建民[1] 方平平[1] 林荔辉[1] 徐建堂[1] 张立武[1] 吴建梅[1] 林培清[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学作物遗传育种与综合利用教育部重点实验室/福建省作物分子设计育种重点实验室,福州350028

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2015年第5期239-245,共7页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：福建省教育厅重点项目(JA12094);农业部现代麻类产业技术体系(CARS-19-E06);福建省自然科学基金项目(2013J01082);福建省发改委农业五新推广项目(K61300001)

摘　　要：为明确外源硒及脯氨酸(Pro)对菜用黄麻生长和生理特性的影响,本研究以新型菜用黄麻品种福农1号为材料,测定了在水培液中添加不同浓度的硒(0、0.2、0.5、1.0、2.5、5.0 mg/L)与脯氨酸(50μmol/L)对菜用黄麻苗期生长、叶绿素、渗透调节物质及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明:(1)外源硒浓度≤0.5 mg/L时,能促进菜用黄麻的株高、根长、株重及根重,而外源硒浓度≥2.5 mg/L时则会对其生长产生抑制和毒害作用;浓度为0.2 mg/L的硒最有利于菜用黄麻福农1号苗期的生长发育;硒浓度较低时,外源脯氨酸具有促进菜用黄麻生长的作用,而硒浓度较高时,脯氨酸可缓解硒对菜用黄麻生长的抑制。(2)外源硒可促进菜用黄麻中叶绿素的合成,亦能促进游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白等渗透调节物质的形成,并且随硒浓度增加呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势;硒浓度为0.5和1.0 mg/L时,可最大程度地促进菜用黄麻叶绿素和渗透调节物质的合成;外源脯氨酸亦具有促进菜用黄麻叶绿素和渗透调节物质合成的功能,并且对高浓度硒造成的毒害有一定的缓解作用。(3)中低浓度的硒(0.5和1.0 mg/L)明显促进菜用黄麻超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)等抗氧化酶的活性,而高浓度硒(5.0 mg/L)抑制菜用黄麻抗氧化酶的活性;随外源硒浓度增加,菜用黄麻抗氧化酶活性呈先升高后降低的趋势;外源脯氨酸能促进菜用黄麻抗氧化酶的活性,硒浓度为2.5和5.0 mg/L时,添加脯氨酸的处理POD、SOD和CAT活性高于未添加者,表明脯氨酸具有增强菜用黄麻抵抗力和自由基清除的能力,从而可以缓解高浓度硒的胁迫。以上结论对菜用黄麻这一新型蔬菜的生产具有重要的理论和实践意义。Taking new edible jute variety ＂Funong No. 1＂ as test material, this paper studied the effects of different concentrations （0, 0. 2, 0. 5, 1.0, 2. 5, 5.0 rag/L） of exogenous selenium and pro- line （50 ~mol/L） on the growth, chlorophyll synthesis, osmoticum content and activities of antioxidant enzymes of edible jute seedlings. The results showed： 1 ） Exogenous selenium at the concentration lower than 0. 5 mg/L increased the plant height, root length, fresh weight of seedlings and roots of edible jute. However, high selenium concentrations of 2. 5 and 5. 0 mg/L resulted in damage and inhibition to the seedlings of edible jute. Among those treatments, 0. 2 mg/L exogenous selenium got the best improving effect to growth of the edible jute seedlings. Exogenous proline combined with lower selenium concentra- tion improved the seedlings growth, and it had protective effect on the seedlings while the selenium con- centration was higher. 2） Exogenous selenium increased the chlorophyll synthesis and the content of free proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein. The chlorophyll and osmoticum firstly increased and then de- creased with the increasing of selenium concentration. Selenium concentrations of 0. 5 and 1.0 mg/L had the best effects. Exogenous proline also increased the content of chlorophyll and osmoticum of edible jute seedlings, and it also relieved the damage by high concentration selenium. 3 ） The activities of antioxi- dant enzymes increased rapidly and then decreased while the selenium concentration increased. Exoge- nous selenium at the concentrations of 0. 5 and 1.0 mg/L remarkably enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, catalase （CAT） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH- Px）. How- ever, 5.0 mg/L exogenous selenium decreased the antioxidant content. When exogenous selenium at the concentration of 2. 5 and 5.0 mg/L, exogenous proline increased the content of SOD, POD and CAT, in- dicating it enhanced the ability of stress - resistance and of ox

关 键 词：菜用黄麻 硒 脯氨酸 生长 生理特性 

分 类 号：S563.4[农业科学—作物学]