我国七个少数民族使用盲文状况的调查研究  

The Survey of Using Braille in Seven Minority Nationalities in China

作　　者：刘艳虹[1] 顾定倩[1,2] 程黎[1] 魏丹[2] 韩萍[3] 钟经华[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学特殊教育研究所,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学国际手语盲文研究中心,北京100875 [3]北京联合大学特殊教育学院,北京100075

出　　处：《教育学报》2015年第5期121-128,共8页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：国家语言文字工作委员会"十二五"科研规划2012年度委托项目"少数民族地区手语盲文使用状况调查"(项目编号:WT-125-27)的研究成果

摘　　要：对蒙古族、藏族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族、壮族、彝族和朝鲜族的7个少数民族盲文使用状况进行调查。结果显示,除西藏、吉林的公办特殊教育学校没有藏族和朝鲜族盲生外,现行盲文是少数民族公办特殊教育学校唯一使用的盲文。在外国资金支助下的拉萨盲童学校学习英语盲文、汉语现行盲文和德国盲人研制的藏语盲文三种盲文。维吾尔语盲文方案自诞生至今,经历了研究—搁置—实验—再搁置的过程。朝鲜族盲人基本上能自如应用汉语现行盲文和韩语盲文。不同群体对是否需要制定本民族语盲文存在不同意见,但一致赞成制定和推广使用国家通用盲文。大多数少数民族盲文使用者希望国家能"提供盲文学习资料"和"提供盲文读写设备",进入社会的成年盲人更关注盲文信息化、盲用信息化学习辅具的研发和推广。The study investigated the status of studying and using different Braille Schemes in 7minority nationalities,including Mongolian,Tibetan,Uighur,Kazakhs,Chuang,Yi and Korean.The results show that 1）The Chinese Current Braille Scheme is the only used braille scheme by public special education schools in minority nationalities except Tibetan and Korean minority nationalities because no blind students of those two minority nationalities are in their public special education school;2）Under the supporting of foreign finance,the Tibetan blind students study the English Braille scheme,the Current Braille Scheme and the Tibetan Braille Scheme which was created by blind German;3）Braille Scheme of Uighur language has experienced the process of studied-stopped-experimented-stopped again since it was made;4）Korean blind people can use Chinese Current Braille Scheme and Korean Braille Scheme very well;5）Dif-ferent groups have different opinions on whether the government should make different Braille schemes for each minority nationality,but all of them agree on creating and widely using a national universal Braille scheme;and 6）Majority of blind students and blind adults from minority nationalities suggest that the government should offer enough learning resources about braille and more braille equipment to help them read and writ braille.To those blind adults who have left school,they pay more attention on braille informatization and the development and promoting of braille informatization study tool.

关 键 词：少数民族盲文 现行盲文 盲文使用 

分 类 号：H026.2[语言文字—语言学]