灵芝孢子破壁的研究  

Wall-cracking of Ganoderma lucidum spores

作　　者：肖鑫[1] 吴岩[1] 谢音[1] 赵泽龙[2] 李赛[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学工程学院,成都610065 [2]四川大学物理科学与技术学院,成都610065

出　　处：《食品科技》2015年第10期61-65,共5页Food Science and Technology

摘　　要：高压气流粉碎是一种常见的灵芝孢子破壁方法,为降低其耗能、提高破壁率,实验中增加了预处理步骤,以使孢子壁厚度变薄或使其韧性降低。以原木灵芝孢子为材料,通过单一变量法和正交实验分别研究了纤维素酶与碱-醇-水体系对灵芝孢子预处理的效果。对比2种预处理的效果后,对纤维素酶预处理后的灵芝孢子进行高压气流粉碎。结果表明,酶与碱-醇-水体系均能达到预处理破壁效果,但醇-碱法对孢子壁的破坏十分剧烈,处理后的灵芝孢子容易相互粘结;而酶法处理后的灵芝孢子壁表面光滑,最佳物料/酶比值为5:2,最佳处理时间为8 h。经纤维素酶预处理、高压气流撞击粉碎后,灵芝孢子的破壁率可达99%以上。为破壁处理该类生物材料给出了一定的参考和依据。High-pressure breaking is usually used for breaking ganoderma lucidum. To decline the cost of energy and improve the ratio of broken pore, the procedure of pretreatment is added in experiment, which leads the wall of the ganoderma lucidum turn thin and the tenacity decreased. The ganoderma lucidum spore was used as material. The effect of cellulase and alkali - alcohol - water on ganoderma spore was tested by single variable method and orthogonal respectively. After comparing the two pretreatment effect, the spores treated by cellulose were choised for the high-pressure jet mill. The results showed that both methods are able to break fungus spores. But alcohol-alkali-water method has a violent damage on spores and spores are easy to cling together. While spores treated by celtulase have a smooth surface. 0.5 g cellulase and 8 h would be the best condition to deal with 2.0 g raw material. After cellulase and high- pressure jet mill treatment, the broken rate of ganoderma spore could reach 99%. All of these experiments give reference and basis for other process of breaking such biological material.

关 键 词：灵芝孢子 破壁 酶法 碱-醇-水体系 高压气流 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]