儿童品质结构与层次新论及其对教育的启示——基于儿童终生自主发展的需要  

On the Construction of Children's Qualities Based on Their Need for Self Lifelong Development

作　　者：赵南[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]学前教育研究杂志社,长沙410100 [2]长沙师范学院,长沙410100

出　　处：《学前教育研究》2015年第12期28-34,共7页Studies in Early Childhood Education

基　　金：湖南省教育科学"十二五"规划课题"儿童支点教育理论与实践研究--基于个体终生自主发展的视角"(编号:XJK014CJC004)

摘　　要：品质既是个体内涵的核心内容,又是个体特征外显的重要标识,人生的根本任务就是锻造品质。迄今为止,中外关于儿童品质的研究立足于心理学与各国文化传统,主要指向人格品质、道德品质、心理品质、学习品质等,整体呈现出简单罗列、庞杂分散、缺乏统整等不足。有必要从人终生自主发展的需要出发,重新建构儿童品质的结构与层次。从个体身心发展来看,儿童应当具备的品质可以分为体质、知质、心质三种,其中体质与知质主要由"非我"转化而来,是儿童发展的主要内容品质;心质主要由"原我"生发而来,是儿童发展的内在动力品质。儿童体质与知质的发展需要心质提供的内在力量的支持,而心质的发展又是在促进体质与知质发展的过程中实现的。儿童教育应始终坚持儿童体质、知质与心质的和谐发展,并将心质的发展摆在首要位置。只有充分培养和发展主动性、独立性、合群性、专注性、坚持性、灵活性等属于心质的"支点品质",儿童才能获得终生自主发展的内在动力与力量源泉。Quality is the personal intrinsic existence state. To develop quality is the main task for every person. The domestic and foreign researches about children＇s quality were mainly focused on personality quality, moral quality, psychological quality and learning quality, etc. Although the quality range was wide, the overall stayed scattered, simple and chaotic characteristics. Based on children＇s need for self lifelong development, we should analyze different qualities＇ value and reconstruct their relationship. On the one hand, children should develop their body and spirit that would form some body and cognitive quality. On the other hand, children need a kind of strength from themselves to support their body and spirit to grow during which heart quality would be formed. Education for children should insist on these qualities＇ harmonious development and give priority to heart quality at the same time.

关 键 词：儿童品质 品质结构 终生发展 自主发展 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学]