设施无土栽培条件下草莓芳香物质和营养品质的研究  

Study on Aroma Compounds and Nutritional Quality of Strawberry Varieties Cultured in Soilless System

作　　者：朱翠英[1] 刘利[1] 付喜玲[1] 杨超[1] 陈修德[1] 肖伟[1] 高东升[1] 李玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2015年第12期1-7,20,共8页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系水果产业创新团队-栽培与设施装备(SDAIT-03-022-05)

摘　　要：以草莓品种"达赛莱克特"和"红星"为试材,利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术、顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术,在设施无土栽培条件下研究了两个草莓品种的芳香物质种类含量和营养品质。结果表明:红星的可溶性固形物含量高于达赛,两者达到显著差异。两个草莓品种含量最多的有机酸是柠檬酸,其次是草酸、琥珀酸和苹果酸。红星总糖和总酸含量也高于达赛。两者的糖组分以果糖含量最多,且红星的果糖、山梨醇和蔗糖的含量均高于达赛。达赛和红星各检测出55种挥发性物质,均以酯类物质为主。丁酸甲酯、丁酸乙酯、己酸甲酯和己酸乙酯是草莓的特征香气,达赛含有其中的3种,它们的相对含量是12.11%。在红星中这4种酯类均检测到,它们的相对含量是27.87%。红星的芳樟醇和橙花叔醇的含量均高于达赛,而4-甲氧基-2,5-二甲基-3(2H)-呋喃酮的相对含量低于达赛。以上结果可为无土栽培的品种选育和草莓香气品质的改良提供理论依据。A soilless cultivation experiment was carried out to study the aromatic compounds and nutritional quality of the ＂Daselect＂and ＂Redstar＂ strawberry fruits by using high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）,headspace solid-phase microextraction（HS-SPME）combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. The results showed that the content of total soluble solids in cultivar of Redstar was higher than that in cultivar of Daselect and there was a significant difference between the two cultivars. The content of citric acid was the predominant organic acid in strawberry fruits, followed by oxalic acid, succinic acid and malic acid. Redstar showed higher content of total sugar and total acid than Daselect. The content of fructose was the predominant sugar in fruits. The content of fructose, sorbitol and sucrose in cultivar of Redstar was higher than that in cultivar of Daselect. 55 volatile compounds were identified in the two strawberry fruits dominated by esters. Methyl butanoate, ethyl butanoate, methyl hexanoate and ethyl caproate contribute mostly to the aroma of strawberries. Three of them were detected in cultivar of Daselect, which accounted for12.11% of total aroma content. All of them were detected in cultivar of Redstar, which accounted for 27.87%. Redstar had higher content of nerolidol and linalool, but lower content of Mesifurane than Daselect. All these results provided a theoretical basis for breeding of variety in soilless cultivation and improvement of strawberry aroma quality.

关 键 词：草莓 红星 达赛 芳香物质 营养品质 无土栽培 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]