四棱豆荚果发育过程中主要营养成分的变化  

Changes of Principal Nutrient Contents in the Winged Bean Pod Development Process

作　　者：全妙华[1,2] 陈东明[1,2] 姚元枝[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]怀化学院民族药用植物资源研究与利用湖南省重点实验室,湖南怀化418008 [2]怀化学院生物与食品工程学院,湖南怀化418008

出　　处：《怀化学院学报》2015年第11期58-60,共3页Journal of Huaihua University

基　　金：湖南省科技计划项目(2009FJ3105);湖南省重点建设学科经费资助(2011-42)

摘　　要：对四棱亘荚果发育过程中可溶性糖、淀粉、脂肪、蛋白质、维生素C和粗纤维含量的变化规律进行研究，以便为四棱豆嫩荚的适时采收提供参考依据．研究结果表明，在荚果发育过程中不同营养成分峰值出现的时期不一，蛋白质和维生素C含量在荚果发育前期（花后20d以内）较高，可溶性糖和淀粉含量在荚果发育中期（花后25d左右）较高，脂肪和粗纤维含量在荚果发育后期（花后40d左右）较高，其中花后14～16d可食用嫩荚的粗纤维平均含量（干样品中）约为16．27％，但在花后18～25d粗纤维含量急剧增加，荚果迅速高纤维化，此时不宜食用．因此，四棱豆嫩荚在花后14～16d采收，食用口感好，营养价值较高．Content changes of soluble sugar, starch, fat, protein, vitamins C and crude fiber of the winged bean pod atdifferent time were studied in this paper, in order to offer references for the timely harvest of the pods. The results showed that theperiods of peak of different nutrients during the development were different, that the contents of protein and VC were the highestduring the primary stage of development （ less than 20 days after flowering）, soluble sugar and starch were the highest at themiddle stage （about 25 days after flowering）, and that fat and crude fiber were the highest at the late stage （about 40 days afterflowering）. Crude fiber content of the pod from 14 to 16 days after flowering was 16.27%, but the content of the pod from 18 to25 days after flowering rapidly increased, and the pod was highly fibrotic during the development when the pod was quite inedible.This study suggested that the optimal pod - picking period of tender pod was 14 - 16 days after flowering when it was delicious andnutritious.

关 键 词：四棱豆 荚果发育 营养成分 含量 采收期 

分 类 号：S529[农业科学—作物学]