基于控烟项目的健康教育课改对提高预防医学生控烟能力效果的研究  

Research on health education curriculum＇s improving the effectiveness of preventive medical students＇ tobacco control based on tobacco control project

作　　者：王丽敏[1] 尹慧[1] 张作明[1] 吴明洋[2] 富旺[1] 葛万龙[1] 陶雨春[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院健康教育学教研室,150081 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院住院医师规范化培训全科医学专业,150001

出　　处：《中华医学教育探索杂志》2015年第11期1145-1149,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research

基　　金：黑龙江省教育科学“十二五规划”课题（GBC1214054）

摘　　要：目的探索以控烟项目为核心的健康教育课程改革对提高预防医学生控烟能力的效果。方法以哈尔滨医科大学2008级预防医学专业中两个班的学生为研究对象、使用7所学校统一编制的调查问卷于课程前后分别对学生进行调查。全部资料统一编码，采用Epidata3．0录入，应用SPSS18．0，对相关资料进行卡方检验、t检验。结果基线调查114人、干预后调查87人。女生的知识及格率干预前后分别为87．3％（48／55）和98．2％（54／55）（P=-0．000）；学生对二手烟有否安全水平的知晓率为，干预前后男生分别为13．6％（8／59）和21．9％（7／32），女生分别为13．0％（7／55）和31．5％（17／55）（P=0．021）。对控烟感兴趣的学生由干预前的79．8％（91／114）升高到干预后的90．8％（79／87）（P=0．033），愿意从事控烟相关工作的学生由干预前的52．2％（59／114）升高到干预后的66．7％（58／87）（P=0．044）。干预后女生回答“现在不吸，将来从事疾病控制工作肯定不吸”的高达96．4％（53／55），但对帮助别人戒烟的信心不足。结论以控烟项目设计的社会实践活动课程改革是有效的，急需加强预防医学专业学生戒烟技能训练和提升其信心。Objective To explore the tobacco control project based health education curricu- lum reform＇s effect of improving medical students＇ tobacco control. Method Choosing the students of two classes of students in preventive medicine specialty of Harbin Medical University as the research object, investigating the students respectively with the questionnaire prepared uniformly by 7 schools before and after the course. All data were coded by Epidata 3.0, and SPSS 18.0 was used to carry out the relevant information for the ehi square test and t test. Result The sample size of baseline survey wasll4 and after the intervention was 87. The knowledge pass rate of the girls before and after the intervention were 87.3% （48/55） and 98.2% （54/55） respectively （P=0.000）. The boys＇ awareness rate of the secondhand smoke safety level were 13.6% （8/59） and 21.9% （7/32） respectively, and the girls were 13.0% （7/55） and 31.5% （17/55） （P=0.021）. Students interested in tobacco increased from 79.8% （91/114） before intervention to 90.8% （79/87） after intervention （P=0.033）. Students willing to workin the tobacco related increased from 52.2%（59/114） before intervention to 66.7% （58/87） after intervention （P=-0.044）. The girl who replied after intervention ＂I am not smoking now, but won＇t smoke either when working in the disease control in the future＂ reached as high as 96.4% （53/55）, but the students were lack of confidence to help people to stop smoking. Conclusion The reform of social practice activity curriculum designed for tobacco control project is effective, and it is urgent to strength- en the training of preventive medical students＇ smoking cessation skills and enhance their confidence.

关 键 词：控烟项目 健康教育课程 控烟能力 预防医学生 问卷调查法 

分 类 号：R163.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]