广州市部分素食者饮食行为及健康状况调查  

The investigation of part of vegetarians' eating behaviors and healthy status in Guangzhou

作　　者：李明慧[1,2] 刘子惠[1,2] 柯少娜 杨宇青[1] 郑琳[1,2] 冯翔[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510080 [2]广东省营养膳食与健康重点实验室,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2015年第12期1468-1471,共4页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的对广州市部分素食者进行健康状况和饮食行为的问卷调查,了解广州市素食人群现状,包括素食类型、选择素食原因、身体健康状况、饮食行为等。方法根据广州市各个城区素食餐馆的规模和数量,用PPS法抽取3个城区的6家餐厅,对就餐的433名素食者进行问卷调查。结果广州市素食者中蛋奶素食占比例较高,为66.2%,严格素食者占33.8%。所调查的素食者平均年龄46.6岁,女性占73.9%。坚持素食1年以上者占81.7%,素食主要原因是宗教信仰(70.4%)和身体健康(53.5%)。绝大部分(89.3%)素食者认为素食能提供足够营养,且较少服用营养补充剂;60.0%的素食者认为自身健康状况良好。45岁以上素食者高血压(19.2%)、血脂异常(6.25%)、糖尿病(4.8%)患病率低于广州市同年龄组人群,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。广州市素食人群总体的素食餐馆就餐频率为4次/月,男性(6次/月)高于女性(3次/月),55岁以上老年人的素食餐馆就餐次数(2次/月)低于其他年龄组,大专及以上文化程度组(4.5次/月)高于高中及以下文化程度组(3次/月)。结论此次调查广州市素食人群平均年龄46.6岁,女性为主。素食原因主要为宗教信仰和身体健康,大部分素食者自报身体健康状况良好。素食人群平均每月到素食餐馆就餐频率为4次。Objective To do questionnaire survey on the part of vegetarians＇ dietary habits and healthy status inGuangzhou, in order to understand the vegetarian types, reasons for being a vegetarian, self-report health and dietary behavior.Methods According to Probability Proportionate to Size Sampling（PPS） methods, six vegetarian restaurants were selected in3 districts of Guangzhou, which were on the basis of the size and quantity of vegetarian restaurants in Guangzhou. Results Atotal of 433 subjects were selected, of which 66.2% were lacto-ovo-vegetarians, and vegans accounted for 33.8%. The averageage was 46.6 and 73.9% were women. About 81.7% of the vegetarians had adhered to a vegetarian diet more than one year,andthe main reasons to choose a vegetarian diet were religion（70.4%） and health（53.5%）. Most vegetarians（89.3%） regarded avegetarian diet could provide enough nutrients, and 60.0% vegetarians believed themselves in good health status. Themorbidity rate of hypertension（19.2%）, dyslipidemia（6.25%）, diabetes mellitus（4.8%） of the vegetarians above 45 years oldwere lower than those age group in Guangzhou and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The average frequencyto vegetarian restaurants of Guangzhou vegetarians was 4 meals per month. Different gender, age and education had differentdining-out frequency; men（6 meals/month） ate out more than women（3 meals/month）; people aged above 55（2 meals/month）dined out less than other age group;people with higher education degree（5 meals/month） ate out more than those with lowereducation degree（3 meals/month）. Conclusion The average age of Guangzhou vegetarians was 46.6 and dominated bywomen. The main reasons to be vegetarians were religion and health, and they were generally concerned about their own dietaryhealth. The average dining-out frequency of Guangzhou vegetarians was 4 meals per month.

关 键 词：素食者 饮食行为 健康状况 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]