印度小竹节草的生物修复潜力研究  

Study on the bioremediation potential of Najas indica

作　　者：姜娓娓[1,2] 毛玉泽[3] 房景辉[3] 杜美荣[3] 隋海东 李敏[3] 方建光[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产学报》2015年第12期1826-1836,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然基金委员会-山东省人民政府联合资助海洋科学研究中心项目(U1406403);国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305043);国家支撑计划课题(2011BAD13B02)~~

摘　　要：为探究印度小竹节草的生物修复潜力,采用实验生态学方法研究了印度小竹节草对铜绿微囊藻的抑制作用和富营养化水体氮磷的去除效果。实验通过分别设置4个栽培密度(1、2、3和4 g/L),3个营养盐梯度(中营养、富营养和极富营养),跟踪检测了培养液中硝氮(NO_3-N)、亚硝氮(NO_2-N)、氨氮(NH_4-N)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)的浓度变化;并对印度小竹节草与铜绿微囊藻共培养下铜绿微囊藻的生长状况及营养盐的衰减状况进行了初步研究。结果表明,印度小竹节草具有很强的营养盐去除能力,栽培密度为4 g/L时,TN和TP去除率最高,分别为99.50%和93.45%,各处理组间的TN和TP去除率差异性不显著。营养程度对印度小竹节草N、P吸收速率具有极显著性影响,N、P吸收速率随着各组N、P浓度的升高而增加,极富营养处理组TN和TP吸收速率达到最高,分别为1.11和0.15μmol/(g·h)。同时,极富营养处理组TN和TP去除率也显著高于其他处理组,分别高达99.46%和90.75%。共培养实验表明,印度小竹节草对铜绿微囊藻具有较好的抑制效果,抑藻率高达99.89%。实验组TP浓度后期大幅度下降,与对照组存在极显著差异,且NH4-N浓度极显著低于对照组。综合以上实验结果,印度小竹节草可考虑作为生态修复物种在富营养化水体进行种植,同时在铜绿微囊藻水华预防方面也具有一定的应用潜力。The aim of this paper is to investigate the bioremediation potential of Najas indica. In the present study,the removal rates of N. indica on nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed at 4 planting densities（ 1,2,3 and 4 g/L） and 3 eutrophic water degrees（ mesotrophic,eutrophic and utmost eutrophic）,which detected the concentration of NH_4- N,NO_3- N,TN and TP. Besides,the inhibitory effect of N. indica on the growth of M. aeruginosa was studied by the analysis of the number of M. aeruginosa and the concentration of nutrients. The results showed that removal rates of N. indica on nitrogen and phosphorus were significantly high. At the planting density of 4 g / L,the removal rates of TN and TP were up to 99.50% and 93. 45%,respectively,while there is no significant difference between different treatments.Eutrophic degrees have a significant effect on the removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus. The uptake rates of N. indica on nitrogen and phosphorus were increasing as the nutrient increased,and the uptake rates of TN and TP reached the highest 1. 11 and 0. 15 μmol/（g·h）,respectively. In the utmost eutrophic group,the removal rates of TN and TP also reached the highest 99. 46% and 90. 75%,respectively,which were significant higher than other eutrophic levels. Meanwhile,N. indica had an obviously inhibitory effect on the growth of M. aeruginosa,and algal inhibiting rate reached 99. 89% in the experimental group. The detection results of water quality showed that the concentration of TP and NH4 under co-culture condition was lower than control group significantly. Based on the study,N. indica presents a potential application for remediation of the eutrophic water ecosystem and prevention of the bloom caused by M. aeruginosa.

关 键 词：印度小竹节草 氮磷 去除率 吸收速率 铜绿微囊藻 抑藻率 

分 类 号：S917.3[农业科学—水产科学] X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]