野生与养殖牙鲆肌肉营养成分的比较  

Composition of Muscle Nutrients Between Wild and Cultured Paralichthys olivaceus

作　　者：韩现芹[1] 贾磊[1] 王群山[1] 汪笑宇[1] 陈春秀[1] 尚晓迪[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津渤海水产研究所,天津300457

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2015年第6期94-99,共6页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：国家农业科技成果转化项目"鲆鲽类高效生态养殖技术的集成与示范"(2014GB2A100531);国家鲆鲽类现代产业技术体系建设(CARS-50);天津市水产局青年科技项目(J2014-10;J2013-4)

摘　　要：测定野生(捕自黄海)和工厂化养殖牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)(饲以配合饲料)肌肉的一般营养成分和氨基酸含量,比较野生与养殖牙鲆肌肉营养成分差异。结果表明,野生牙鲆肌肉鲜样中粗脂肪含量低于养殖牙鲆,粗蛋白含量高于养殖牙鲆,粗蛋白、粗脂肪差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),两者水分和灰分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);野生和养殖牙鲆肌肉鲜样中均测出18种氨基酸,但野生牙鲆氨基酸总量比养殖牙鲆高11.10%,鲜味氨基酸总量高12.97%;根据氨基酸评分(AAS),野生和养殖牙鲆的第一限制性氨基酸均为苏氨酸(Thr);根据化学评分(CS),野生和养殖牙鲆的第一限制性氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸(Met+Cys),而野生和养殖牙鲆的必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)分别为76.55、79.61。以配合饲料为食的养殖牙鲆营养品质与野生牙鲆相近。In order to compare the differences in muscle nutrients between wild and cultured Paralichthys olivaceus, the amino acid composition and common nutrient composition in muscle of wild（captured in yellow sea） and cultured P. olivaceus（fed formulated feed） were determined by routine methods. The results showed as follows： compared with the cultured P. olivaceus, crude fat content in fresh muscle of wild P. olivaceus was decreased, but crude protein content of that was increased statistically at level of P〈 0.05. There were no statistical difference in moisture content and ash contents in fresh muscle between wild and cultured P. olivaceus（P〉 0.05）. Both wild and cultured P. olivaceus had 18 kinds of amino acids. Compared with the cultured P. olivaceus, the contents of most amino acids in fresh muscle of wild P. olivaceus were significantly higher（P〈 0.05）. Additionally, the contents of total amino acids and delicious amino acids of wild P. olivaceus were significantly higher than those of cultured P. olivaceus（P 〈0.05）. Based on the criteria of amino acid score（ASS）, the first limiting amino acid of the two groups was Threonine, but based on the criteria of chemica score（CS）, the first limiting amino acid of the two groups was Methionine and Cystinicacid, and cultured P. olivaceus exhibited a higher essential amino acid index（EAAI） than wild P. olivaceus. In conclusion, the nutritional quality of cultured P. olivaceus fed on formulated feed is similar to that of the wild.

关 键 词：牙鲆 野生 养殖 肌肉 营养成分 

分 类 号：TS254.1[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]