中心语“的”的范畴统一性  

Unity of the Head DE Categories

作　　者：彭家法[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《外语教学》2016年第1期33-36,共4页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"汉语句法语义互动中的功能成分研究"(项目编号:13BYY001)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：以"的"为中心语的谓词性偏正结构、名词性偏正结构和状态形容词短语具有很强的平行性。不同语言(方言)、不同语言使用者的语言范畴存在差异,范畴分析需要以母语使用者的语言知识为基础。汉语北方话三个"的"符合范畴统一性的三个条件:句法环境互补,读音相同,写成相同汉字,母语使用者的语言知识把它们归并为一个"范畴"。既可以作定语又可以作状语的"X的"结构是修饰性质的成分,其中"的1""的3"为一个统一的范畴:修饰标记。"X的3"可以作主宾语和定语,"X的2"可以作状语、谓语和补语,二者分布完全互补,北方话"的2""的3"是同一个范畴。语音删略可以作为范畴确认的重要参考。There is a strong parallelism between modifier-center predicate construction,modifier-center noun construction and state adjective construction with DE head. Different languages（ dialects） and different language users have different linguistic categories. The analysis of category must be based on the linguistic knowledge of native speakers. The three conditions of Category unity are met for the Mandarin Chinese DEs： complementary syntactic environment,the same pronunciation and the same written form. The three DEs are one category in the linguistic knowledge of the native speakers. The＂X DE＂construction that can either be used as attributive or as adverbial is a modifier,where＂DE1＂and＂DE3＂belong to a unified category： Modified marker. ＂X DE3＂can be used as subject,object or attribute; ＂X DE2＂can be used as adverbial,predicate or complement.＂X DE3＂and＂X DE2＂have fully complementary distributions. ＂DE2＂and＂DE3＂of Mandarin Chinese are the same category. Phonetic Deletion can serve as an important reference for category confirmation.

关 键 词：范畴 语言知识 句法环境 语音删略 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]