非真性询问疑问句与传信语的异常态“同现”  

The Contradiction between Interrogative Sentences of Non-Authenticity Inquiry and Evidential

作　　者：陈海峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学海外教育学院,中国福州350007

出　　处：《海外华文教育》2016年第1期83-90,共8页Overseas Chinese Education

摘　　要：非真性询问疑问句是疑问句在共时平面下的偏离形式,具有陈述性功能,可用于传信;在陈述事实或传达信息时,传信语可评估其可靠性和准确性。作为"无标记组配",非真性询问疑问句与传信语却呈现了异常态的"同现"关系,也即不能同现于线性序列中。成因如下:话主认为所传达信息的主观性可靠程度极高,无论信息是否关涉受话及其他,均可不交代信息来源;非真性询问疑问句已然是自足句,无需也不能选择传信语作为完句成分辅助成句;作为修饰语的传信语只能修饰非真性询问疑问句所传达的"基本义"信息,却不能修饰其所传达的"附加义"信息。The Interrogative Sentence of Non-Authenticity Inquiry （ISNI） is the statement function is the deviation of interrogative sentence under the synchronic analysis. While making factual claims or impar- ting information, a person usually gives evidence to qualify his speech. ISNI and evidential should be used together in a sentence at the same time, however they become a pair of contradiction. There are the fol- lowing reasons ： （ 1 ） It is unnecessary to mention the origin where the information come from with the evi- dential because the information can be considered as truth by the speaker himself when the speaker makes factual claims or imparts information with ISNI. （2） ISNI is the self sufficient sentence, while it does not need the evidential as the sentence-completing element to make it to become a self sufficient sentence. （3） ISNI not only indicates the semantic meaning, but also indicates pragmatic meaning which is more important than semantic meaning. However, evidentially is a kind of semantic category. Only the semantic meaning of ISNI can be modified, while the pragmatic meaning can not be modified by the evidential.

关 键 词：非真性询问 疑问句 传信语 主观性 完句成分 

分 类 号：H193.5[语言文字—汉语]