北京与津冀之间隐性土地资源流动研究  

Study on Inter-regional Transfer of Embodied land Resource Between Beijing and Tianjin-Hebei

作　　者：裴厦[1] 刘春兰[1] 谢高地[2] 李铮[1] 王海华[1] 陈龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市环境保护科学研究院,国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心,北京100037 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2016年第1期97-104,共8页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目“重点生态功能区生态补偿关键技术研究”(编号:2013BAC03B05);北京市优秀人才培养资助青年骨干个人项目“京津冀生态环境问题识别和对策研究及一体化发展信息平台建设”;北京自然科学基金项目“基于最小阻力模型的北京市生态红线阈值与格局确定方法”(编号:8154046)

摘　　要：京津冀区域面临着严重的资源紧缺、生态环境恶化和发展失衡的问题,亟需制定科学合理的区域合作新机制。京津冀之间紧密的产品贸易背后隐藏的土地资源流动情况可以为新机制的建立提供科学支撑。这种隐性土地资源的流通情况可以用生态足迹来表征。因此,本研究主要运用京津冀三省市之间的投入产出矩阵来计算北京与津冀之间的生态足迹转入和转出量,并进行分析。研究结果表明,北京的社会经济发展需要周边津冀生态生产性土地资源的支撑,尤其是河北的农用地资源,包括耕地、林地和水产养殖用地。从生态贸易类型来看,2002年和2007年,就北京和河北之间生态足迹流通情况而言,北京是净生态输入型,属于"贸易逆差";河北是净生态输出型,属于"贸易顺差"。2007年北京对津冀生态资源的使用量比2002年有所下降。总体而言,北京对河北生态生产性土地资源的消耗对河北的生态压力不大,其中,水产养殖用地的生态压力最大,2007年水产养殖净流量占河北水产养殖土地的54.27%。2002年北京对天津生态生产性土地资源的依赖加大了天津的生态压力,林业用地和水产养殖用地的净流出量分别是天津相应承载土地面积的4.96倍和3.57倍;2007年,北京对天津生态土地资源利用程度降低,随之,北京对天津生态生产性土地资源的压力变小。尽管2007年与2002年相比,北京对河北生态生产性土地的消耗量降低了,但是,由于河北土地利用结构的变化影响着北京和区域的可利用的土地资源质量和生态环境质量,国家和北京应该帮助河北保护其土地资源,尤其是河北东南部的农田资源在区域中承担着重要的绿色隔离作用,应该受到严格的保护。此外,京津冀区域应该制定整体空间开发战略,加强土地资源保护力度,合理布局产业结构,构建生态安全格局。The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is facing severe eco-environmental and development pressure including lack of natural resources, eco-environment deterioration, and expanding development gaps. Effective cooperative policies and mechanisms are needed to solve the issues mentioned above. The study on the embodied land resource flows of product trade within the region can be a solid scientific basis for the decision making process of new cooperative mechanism. Since the flow of ecological footprint can be proxy of embodied land resource flow, we calculate the ecological footprint flows within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on the inter- provincial input-and-output data, and analyze the mutual consumption of ecological footprint. It shows that the social and economic development of Beijing consumed a lot of land resources of Hebei and Tianjin, especially the farmland of Hebei, including cultivated land, forest land and aquieulture land. From the perspective of eco-trade pattern, Beijing was a net importer of ecological footprint, i. e. ＂trade deficit＂ type in the eco-trade; meanwhile, Hebei was a net exporter of ecological footprint, i.e. ＂trade surplus＂ type. In general, the ecological productive land of Hebei consumed by Beijing has not caused a lot of ecological pressure to Hebei. Among the all types of land, the aquiculture land consumed by Beijing, which accounted for 54.27% of all the aquiculture land in Hebei in 2007, imposed the largest pressure on Hebei. In 2002, Beijing＇ s dependence on Tianjing＇ s ecological production land resources impose comparatively larger ecological pressure to Tianjin. Among the consumption of all types of land resource, the net flows of forest land and aquiculture land were 4.96 times and 3.57 times as large as those in Tianjin, respectively. In 2007, the pressure on Tianjin was less than that in 2002 due to the decrease of the ecological footprint flow to Beijing. Compared to the consumption in 2002, the land resource of Hebei consumed by Beijing has decreased

关 键 词：隐性土地资源 生态足迹 省际间投入产出数据 京津冀区域 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学] X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]