墨兰品种‘企黑’的花朵精油成分分析  

Composition Analysis on Flower Essential Oils of Cymbidium sinense 'Qi Hei'

作　　者：李杰[1] 王再花[1] 章金辉[1] 朱根发[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所广东省园林花卉种质创新综合利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2016年第1期86-91,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广东省战略性新兴产业核心技术攻关项目(No.2012A020800003);中央农业科技推广专项(粤财农〔2012〕480号);广东省科技型中小企业技术创新专项(No.2012CY003)

摘　　要：采用同时蒸馏萃取法提取墨兰品种‘企黑’花蕾期、盛花期和末花期的花朵精油,并进行GC-MS检测。结果表明:墨兰精油中共鉴定化合物58种,其中花蕾期、盛花期和末花期分别为37、38和32种。花蕾期精油主要成分为棕榈酸、亚油酸、己醛、(E)-2-庚烯醛、2-正戊基呋喃和多种烷烃;盛花期精油主要成分为棕榈酸、亚油酸、1,2,3,4-四氢-1,1,6-三甲基萘、壬醛、茶香螺烷和多种烷烃;末花期精油的主要成分为棕榈酸、亚油酸、茶香螺烷、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、己醛、正十五烷酸、2-正戊基呋喃和多种烷烃。盛花期含有叶醇、2,5-二甲基己-5-烯-3-炔-2-醇、二氢-β-紫罗兰酮、3-蒈烯和Megastigma-4,6(E),8(E)-三烯等特有的成分,而beta-紫罗兰酮、茶香螺烷和1,2,3,4-四氢-1,1,6-三甲基萘在盛花期的含量也急剧增加,这些化合物可能与墨兰‘企黑’的花香密切相关。Essential oils in different florescence of Cymbidium sinense ＇Qi Hei＇ were analyzed by simultaneous distillation-extraction （SDE） and GC-MS, the components changes were also studied. There were 58 components detected, and 37 components were identified at bud stage, 38 at flowering stage, and 32 at declining period, respectively. The major components at bud stage were n-Hexadecanoic acid, Linoleic acid, Hexanal, 2-Heptenal,（E）-, Furan, 2-pentyl- and alkanes. At flowering stage the major components were n-Hexadecanoic acid, Linoleic acid, ct-Ionene, Nonanal, Theaspirane and alkanes, while n-Hexadecanoic acid, Linoleic acid, Theaspirane, Phthalic acid, isobutyl octyl ester, Hexanal, Pentadecanoic acid Furan, 2-pentyl- and alkanes were the main components at declining period. Several compounds were unique at flowering stage, such as 3-Hexen-l-ol,（Z）-, 2,5-Dimethylhex-5-en-3- yn-2-ol, 7,8-Dihydro-β-ionone and 3-Carene. The content of beta-Ionone, Theaspirane and α-Ionene were sharply increased at flowering stage, and these compounds may be relevant to the aroma of C. sinense ＇Qi Hei＇.

关 键 词：墨兰 同时蒸馏萃取法 精油 成分 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]