熟肉及速冻米面食品中变形杆菌污染状况及耐药特征分析  

Characteristic analysis of prevalence and antimicrobial resistances of Proteus in cooked foods and quick-frozen food made of rice and flour

作　　者：郭玉梅[1] 秦丽云[1] 剧慧栋[1] 王苋[1] 刘琳[2] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄市疾病预防控制中心,河北石家庄050011 [2]白求恩国际和平医院,河北石家庄050091

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2016年第1期99-102,共4页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：石家庄市科学技术研究与发展指导计划(121461733)

摘　　要：目的了解石家庄市市售熟肉制品和速冻米面食品中变形杆菌的污染状况,进一步研究菌株产超广谱β-内酰胺酶和对抗生素的耐药性。方法采取石家庄市市售熟肉制品和速冻米面食品进行变形杆菌分离培养,用BD Phoenix专家系统对所分离出的菌株进行鉴定和药敏试验。结果 377份样品中共有83份检出变形杆菌,总污染率为22.0%。其中熟肉制品、生制速冻米面食品和熟制速冻米面食品变形杆菌污染率分别为20.8%（32/154）、28.7%（43/150）和11.0%（8/73）;变形杆菌计数范围为10^3-10^9cfu/g。药敏结果显示,80株奇异变形杆菌除对四环素和多粘菌素存在天然耐药外,对氨苄西林耐药率最高（36.3%,26/80）,其次是头孢唑林（27.5%,22/80）;3株普通变形杆菌除对四环素、多粘菌素、氨苄西林和头孢唑林存在天然耐药外,且均对氯霉素耐药。所有菌株均对阿米卡星、美罗培南、哌拉西林敏感。所分离的奇异变形杆菌中,有25.0%-33.3%产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）;多重耐药（MDR）菌株占12.5%-33.3%。结论石家庄市市售熟肉及速冻米面食品中变形杆菌污染较严重,分离株产ESBLs和MDR水平较高,有潜在引起食源性疾病的风险。Objective To understand the contamination of Proteus in cooked foods and quick-frozen food made of rice and flou from Shijiazhuang markets,and to study the characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase production and drugresistance. Methods Food samples were collected,and the isolated strains were identified and testing for susceptibility with BD Phoenix expert system. Results Total prevalence of Proteus was 22. 0%（ 83 /377）,and the contamination rates were 20. 8%（ 32 /154）,28. 7%（ 43 /150） and 11. 0%（ 8 /73） in cooked foods,raw and cooked quick-frozen food made of rice and flour. Proteus counting range was 10^3-10^9 cfu / g. Susceptibility results showed that 80 Proteus mirabilis were naturally resistant to tetracycline and polymyxin. In addition,the highest rate of resistance was to ampicillin（ 36. 3%）,followed by cefazolin（ 27. 5%）. 3 Proteus vulgaris were naturally resistant to tetracycline,polymyxin,ampicillin and cefazolin,and the highest rate of resistance was to chloramphenicol（ 100%）. All strains were sensitive to amikacin,meropenem and piperacillin. In all Proteus mirabilis isolated strains,ESBL-producing strains accounted for 25. 0%-33. 3%. The multi-drug resistant（ MDR） strains accounted for 12. 5%-33. 3%. Conclusion The contamination of Proteus in cooked foods and quick-frozen food made of rice and flour was quite serious. Higher levels of producing ESBLs and MDR existed in food isolates which had a potential foodborne risk.

关 键 词：变形杆菌 熟肉 速冻米面食品 食源性致病菌 耐药性 超广谱Β-内酰胺酶 多重耐药 石家庄 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]