论比彻姆和邱卓思生命伦理学的共同道德观  

The Views of Common Morality of T.L. Beauchamp and J.F. Childress on Bioethics

作　　者：王延光[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院哲学所,北京100732

出　　处：《医学与哲学（A）》2016年第2期2-6,共5页Medicine & Philosophy:Humanistic & Social Medicine Edition

摘　　要：汤姆·比彻姆和詹姆士·邱卓思在《生命医学伦理原则》一书提出了尊重自主、有利、不伤害和公正四个生命伦理学原则。以共同道德作为四原则的来源和基础,结合反思平衡的方法广泛地应用于解决全球的生命伦理学的难题。通过梳理比彻姆和邱卓思的共同道德与生命伦理学原则的关系。进而研究共同道德观的内容、来源、与生命伦理学的关系,及在《生命医学伦理原则》新版本的发展。之后探讨了共同道德在生命伦理学方法中的重要作用。最后,阐释了比彻姆和邱卓思对共同道德的辩护。T. L. Beauchamp and J. F. Childress authored and published seven editions of the book ＂The Principles of Biomedical Ethics＂. They formulated four clusters of principles of biomedical ethics in the books, which included respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice. They also developed their theory of coramon morality as the source of considered judgments for the principles and the method of bioethics. This paper researched the relationship of common morality with the principles of bioethics. Then, it studied the concept of common morality, source, and the development in the new versions of ＂The Principles of Biomedical Ethics＂. Furthermore, it discussed the significant role of the common morality in the method of bioethies, and how the common morality works when reflecting and balancing the dilemma of bioethies. Finally, it investigated Beauchamp and Childress＇ responds to the arguments on their theory of common morality.

关 键 词：生命伦理学 四原则 共同道德 道德规范 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]