国内外铁路用金属材料的现状及进展(上)  

Status Quo and Development of Metal Materials in Railways Home and Abroad(Part 1 to 2)

作　　者：周清跃[1] 张银花[1] 梁旭[1] 张弘[1] 吴毅[1] 何忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道技术监督》2016年第2期1-4,共4页Railway Quality Control

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973项目)(2015CB654805)

摘　　要：系统介绍国内外铁路领域金属材料技术,包括钢轨、车轮、车轴、轴承、制动盘、闸片、受电弓滑板、接触导线等重要部件的技术现状及与国外存在的差距。随着我国铁路技术的发展,装备与技术的自主水平越来越高,但高速、重载列车的一些重要核心部件材料仍依赖于进口。指出我国应在引进、消化、吸收的基础上,通过自主创新,提出创新的材料设计原理和生产工艺,不断突破高速、重载列车关键材料技术,为我国铁路事业的发展提供有力保障。This paper systematically introduces the metal materials technology in railways at home and abroad, including the state of the art in view of rail, wheel, axle, bearing, brake disc, brake pad, pantograph pan, cantact wire and other key parts, as well as the gap with the counterparts abroad. With the development of domestic railway technologies, the independence level of our equipment and technologies becomes higher and higher. However, materials for some key and core parts that applied to high-speed and heavy-duty trains are still dependent on importing. The paper indicates that, on the basis of introduction, digestion and absorption, by means of independent innovation, it shall put forward innovative materials design principles and techniques of production, making a breakthrough unceasingly in the key materials technology for high-speed and heavy-duty trains, thus providing a powerful safeguard for developing domestic railways.

关 键 词：金属材料 钢轨 车轮 车轴 轴承 制动盘 闸片 滑板 接触导线 

分 类 号：U214.8[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]