宋代易学中的数字五——以朱震为中心  

The Number of Five in the Song Changes Scholarship:Focusing on Zhu Zhen's View

作　　者：李震[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系,北京100871 [2]哈佛燕京学社,美国02138

出　　处：《周易研究》2016年第1期49-56,共8页Studies of Zhouyi

摘　　要：宋代易学中,小衍之数、河洛中五之数、五方五位之数均与数字五有关。朱震所谓小衍之数,系叁天两地之数,其说主要承张载而来,小衍之名可能得自《关氏易传》或邵雍。朱熹所谓河洛中五之数,在关于叁两、大衍之数和体用结构的思考上与朱震小衍之数颇为相似,但更见系统深刻。朱震关于"五位相得而各有合"的理解,应当置于其所谓《洛书》而非《河图》中才能成立。从朱震的解释中,我们可以看到《易传》"得"与"合"的区别。In the Song （960-1279） Changes scholarship, the number of the small expansion and the central number of five, as well as the numbers in the five directions and positions in the He tu （Yellow River Map） and the Luo shu （Luo River Chart）, are all related to the number of five. The so-called number of small expansion by Zhu Zhen （1072-1138） refers to the sum of the heavenly number of three and earthly number of two, which was mainly inherited from Zhang Zai＇s （1020-77） view, whereas the name of small expansion （xiao yah 小衍） itself might be drawn from Guan shi yi zhuan （Guan Lang＇s Commentary on the Changes） or Shao Yong＇s （1011-77） argument. In respect to the numbers of three and two, the number of the great expansion, as well as the structure of constitution and function, the so-called number of Central Five in the He tu and Luo shu by Zhu Xi （1130-1200） is very similar to the number of the small expansion referred to by Zhu Zhen, but the former seems to be more systematic and incisive. Zhu Zhen＇s understanding about the distribution （of the two sets of the heavenly numbers and earthly numbers） among the five places and the matches between two numbers can be established only when it was placed in what he called the Luo shu rather the He tu. From Zhu Zhen＇s explanation, we can see the difference between the ＂distribution＂ （de 得） and ＂match＂ （he合） mentioned in the Yi zhuan （Commentaries on the Changes）

关 键 词：《周易》 《汉上易传》 小衍之数 朱震 朱熹 

分 类 号：B244.99[哲学宗教—中国哲学]