全球化视野下的“双一流”战略与地方院校的抉择  

“Double First-class” Strategy and the Choice of Local Colleges and Universities from the Perspective of Globalization

作　　者：蔡宗模[1] 吴朝平[1] 杨慷慨[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆文理学院期刊编辑部,重庆永川402160

出　　处：《重庆高教研究》2016年第1期24-32,共9页Chongqing Higher Education Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(第三批)"高等教育全球化--国际趋势与中国战略"(批准号:13FJK014);重庆市高等教育学会高等教育科学研究重点课题"全球化视野下地方高校的区域化战略研究"(项目编号:CQGJ13B101);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"我国高校分类发展对策研究"(项目编号:15YJA880023)

摘　　要："双一流"战略将影响未来半个世纪中国高等教育的发展。作为高等教育系统的重要组成,广大的地方院校必须积极应对。那种认为"双一流"建设是部属院校或重点大学的任务而与地方院校无关的认识是放弃历史选择和责任的短视行为。在全球化视野下,一方面,各高等教育机构超越了单一的民族国家阈限,可以同时在全球、国家和地方三个维度上行动,这给地方院校的发展提供了新的机遇和可能。另一方面,中国高等教育发展的最终目标是形成一流的高等教育体系,成为高等教育强国。因此,"双一流"战略作为中国高等教育整体发展战略的一部分,不应排斥地方院校在分类发展中追求卓越,争创一流。从政策契机来看,"双一流"战略提出打破身份固化、引入竞争机制、避免重复交叉,这为地方院校的超越发展提供了选择性和多样性可能。"蓝海战略"为其着手战略规划并做出行动抉择提供了思路:地方院校既要与全国重点大学错位,避免研究型追赶误区,也要与同类地方院校错位,避免同质化发展倾向,积极开拓本土资源和全球市场,在服务、特色和优势上下功夫。基于这类院校的特点和现状,地方院校走向卓越要经历三个阶段的修炼:夯实基础,扎根地方;彰显特色,逐鹿区域;追求卓越,走向世界。为此,建议政府:(1)力戒马太效应,力避短板效应,重视长尾效应;(2)尽快完善高校分类发展的政策规划和相应的财政支持体系;(3)作为"双一流"战略的补充,出台"一流专业"支持计划。建议地方院校:(1)要有追求卓越的决心和具体的战略规划;(2)要真正扎根本土,办出特色;(3)要力争在"点"上突破。The ＂Double First-class＂strategy will affect the development of higher education in the next half century. As the important composition of higher education system,the local colleges and universities have to respond it positively. The cognition is the short- term behavior to abandon the historical choice and responsibility that the construction of ＂Double Fist-class＂is the only task of the universities administrated by the Ministry or the key universities,and has nothing to do with the local colleges and universities. From the perspective of globalization,on the one hand,the higher education agencies have gone beyond the limit of one country or nation,and they can act in the three dimension of globe,country and local area,providing new challenges and possibilities for the development of local colleges and universities. On the other hand,the ultimate goal of higher education development of China is to achieve the first-level higher education system and become a powerful country of higher education. As a result,as the part of the integrated development strategy of China higher education,＂Double First-class＂strategy will not prevent the local colleges and universities from pursuing and creating the excellence. From the policy opportunities,the ＂Double First-class＂strategy insists the breakthrough of identity fixation,introducing the competitive mechanism and avoiding the repetition and crossing,which provide the possibility of choice and variety of striding development for the local colleges and universities. In addition,the＂Blue Ocean Strategy＂provides the thought for the tactics planning and action. The local colleges and universities should be different from the key national universities,avoiding the wrong opinion of follow-up research; and also be different from the each other local colleges and universities,avoiding the homogeneity development tendency,actively develop the local sources and global market,attention to the service,specialty and advantage.Based on the characteristics and reality

关 键 词：全球化 “双一流” 地方院校 高等教育 蓝海战略 机遇 抉择 卓越 

分 类 号：G648.4[文化科学—高等教育学]