高速列车静态升降弓电弧的磁流体动力学仿真研究  

MHD Simulation and Analysis of Pantograph-catenary Arc in the Process of Pantographês Raising and Lowering

作　　者：朱光亚[1] 吴广宁[1] 高国强[1] 古圳[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学电气工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《高电压技术》2016年第2期642-649,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1234202;51107104);国家杰出青年科学基金(51325704);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CB711105-4)~~

摘　　要：为了分析列车在站内起动和进站制动时弓网系统接触面材料的电气磨损情况,对弓网系统静态升降弓过程所产生的弓网电弧特性开展了研究。基于磁流体动力学理论,建立了弓网电弧等离子体有限元分析模型,利用有限元仿真软件计算了电弧的动力学方程和电磁学方程,得出了在不同间隙距离下的电弧温度场分布情况和不同接触线廓型情况下的接触线温度场分布情况。并通过仿真结果与试验结果对比验证了仿真模型的正确性。研究结果表明,随着弓网间隙的不断减小,靠近接触网导线处的电弧弧柱半径增大,接触线表面最高温度从1 872 K下降为956 K,受电弓滑板表面的最高温度由5 400 K下降为3 590 K;且在一定弓网间隙情况下,接触线表面最高温度较滑板表面最高温度低。同时,当接触线廓型半径由8 mm增加至15 mm,接触线表面最高温度有一定程度的降低。分析仿真结果可得,列车静态升降弓时,不同弓网间隙情况下的电弧温度场分布不同,但滑板表面材料的电气磨损均较接触线严重。此外,通过适当增大接触网导线廓形半径可降低接触线表面的电气磨损。In order to analyze the contact material＇s electric ablation of pantograph-catenary system when the train is starting or braking on a station, we studied the characteristics of pantograph-catenary arc in the process of pantograph＇s raising and lowering. Using the magnetohydrodynamics （MHD） theory, we established a finite element analysis model of pantograph catenary arc plasma. Moreover, after solving the arc＇s kinetic equations combined with Maxwell equations,we obtained arc temperature field distributions under different gap values between catenary wire and pantograph strip and the catenary temperature field distributions under different catenary radius. By comparing the simulation results with testing results, the correctness of the simulation model was confirmed. The research results show that, as the gap value decreases, the arc radius near to catenary wire will increase. The maximum temperature of catenary surface decreases from 1 872 K to 956 K, and the maximum temperature of pantograph strip surface will decrease from 5 400 K to 3 590 K. With a certain gap value, the maximum temperature of catenary is lower than that of pantograph strip. Meanwhile, after the catenary radius increasing from 8 mm to 15 mm, the maximum temperature of catenary will reduce to a certain degree The simulation results reveal that, when the pantograph raises and lowers, the arc temperature distribution under different gap values is different, but the electrical ablation of pantograph strip is always more serious than that of catenary wire. What＇s more, reducing the catenary radius to a certain degree can lead to decrease in the electrical ablation of catenary wire.

关 键 词：静态升降弓 电气磨损 磁流体动力学理论 电弧温度 弓网间隙 接触线廓型 

分 类 号：U264.34[机械工程—车辆工程] U225[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]