基于电子起跑监测系统的短跑起跑反应时间影响因素研究  

Factors Influencing Start-reaction Time in Sprint with Application of Electronic Monitoring System

作　　者：谢洪昌 

机构地区：[1]岭南师范学院体育科学学院,广东湛江524048

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2016年第3期81-85,共5页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：2013年湛江市非资助科技攻关计划项目(2013B01055)

摘　　要：为了找出影响短跑起跑反应时间的因素,给我国短跑训练提供理论参考,利用电子起跑监测系统,运用测量法为主要研究方法,以第16届亚运会女子100m跑中一级、健将级女运动员为研究对象,对电子起跑监测系统中起跑-后蹬压力曲线以及相关预设值的设定进行研究。研究指出,起跑反应时随着运动级别的提高而降低;反应动作时间(达到阀值时)是造成不同运动级别运动员起跑反应时存在差异的重要原因;力量、爆发力水平是造成不同级别运动员反应动作时间(达到阀值时)存在显著性差异的根本原因;应针对性地加强运动员起跑动作方面的力量及爆发力训练;运动员随着运动水平的提高会增加起跑反应时超限犯规的机率;应考虑到反应动作时间的存在,找出运动员合理的起跑反应极限值。To explore the factors influencing the start-reaction time in sprint in order to provide theoretical reference for clash training in China, the start kicking time-pressure and related default value-setting of the first-class and master sports- women in the100-meter sprint of the 16th Asian Games were analyzed with application of the Electronic Monitoring Sys- tem （EMS）. It showed that the start-reaction time decreased with the improvement of the sports level. When the thresh- old was reached, the action-reaction time became an important reason resulting in the differences of start-reaction time a- mong athletes of different levels. The level of physical strength and explosive force was fundamental in the significant differences of action-reaction time among athletes of different levels. More emphasis should be put on the training of the athletes＇ physical strength and explosive force. With the improvement of the athletes＇ sporting level, the probability of o- vertime foul in start-reaction improved. Therefore, the existence of action-reaction time should be taken into consideration to figure out reasonable start-reaction limit value for athletes.

关 键 词：短跑训练 起跑反应时 监测系统 力量 爆发力 

分 类 号：G822.1[文化科学—体育训练]