恐惧降低跨期选择的耐心吗?——来自行为实验的证据  

Does Fear Increase Impatience in Inter-temporal Choice? Evidence from an Experiment

作　　者：佘升翔[1,2] 郑小伟[2] 周劼[3] 杨姗姗[2] 

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学现代企业管理研究中心,桂林541004 [2]桂林理工大学管理学院,桂林541004 [3]陕西理工学院管理学院,汉中723000

出　　处：《心理学探新》2016年第1期25-30,共6页Psychological Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(71361004);广西高校人文社会科学重点项目(SK13ZD021);广西高校人文社会科学重点研究基地基金资助

摘　　要：情绪是决策过程中的重要因素,但具体的恐惧情绪对跨期选择决策的影响还缺乏深入研究。在实验中,将大学生被试随机分配到恐惧组和中性组,他们在接受指定的情绪刺激后进行跨期选择,并获得与其偏好兼容的报酬。在此之前,两组被试在无情绪刺激下和虚拟回报条件下完成了同样的跨期选择任务。结果表明:(1)选择的视频能够有效地操纵恐惧情绪;(2)是否有真实回报并不影响被试的跨期选择行为;(3)基于组内和组间的比较都证明恐惧情绪显著地降低了等待的耐心,体现为更高的折现率,意味着恐惧者在获取金钱上更加短视。Emotion is important in decision, whereas the effect of specific fear on inter - temporal choices remains unclear. In the experiments, participants were randomly assigned to fear - and neutral - state groups. They have to take inter - temporal choices tasks after stimulated by chosen video clips correspondingly, and then received incentive - compatible rewards. Before, tile stone tasks were completed with no real payoffs and without any emotion inductions. Results showed ： （ 1 ） the chosen video clip could manipulate the emotion of fear; （ 2 ） whether or not provided real incentives had no influences on inter - temporal choices of the participants; （ 3 ） the fear increased impatience in terms of higher discount rates based on both between -and within -subject comparisons, which implied a myopic focus on obtaining money immediately instead of later.

关 键 词：恐惧 跨期选择 不耐心 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]