论学生的实践能力及其培养  

On Students' Practical Ability and Its Cultivation

作　　者：孙智昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国教育科学研究院课程教学研究中心

出　　处：《教育研究》2016年第2期110-118,共9页Educational Research

基　　金：全国教育科学"十一五"规划2010年度教育部重点课题"教学方式变革中的公民素养教育研究"(课题批准号:DEA100222)的研究成果

摘　　要：实践是一个生存论、本体论、活动论的范畴,本质上是主体和客体之间能动而现实的双向对象化过程,是一个"主—客""主—主""主—我"的关系性存在。实践能力是实践主体在实践活动过程中的表现状态及其实践活动结束时所形成的结果。学生的实践能力是一般实践能力的教育学范畴,具有奠基性、活动性、创造性、社会性、外显性和发展性等属性,其中发展性是其根本属性。学生实践能力的培养途径是其整个"生活世界"。要提升学生的实践能力,根本出路在于重建学生的"生活世界",而目前的重点是解决好"技术地实践"、"道德地实践"和"科学地实践"的问题。Practice is a category of existentialism,ontology and activity,whose essence is a dynamic and realisticprocess of dual directional objectification between subject and object,it is a relationship existence of ＂subject-object＂, ＂subject-subject＂, ＂subject-myself＂. Practical ability is not only the performance status of the practical subject in theprocess of practical activity,but also the formative consequence at the end of the practical activity. Students＇ practicalability is the educational category of the general practical ability,which has the properties of foundation,activity,creativity,sociality,explicitness and development,etc.,among them,development is the fundamental property. Thecultivation method of students＇ practical ability is included in their whole living world. To promote students＇ practicalability,the fundamental countermeasure should focus on the re-construction of students＇ living world. At present,toresolve the problems of technology-directed practice,morality-based practice,and science-guided practice is the keypoint.

关 键 词：学生 实践能力 生活世界 

分 类 号：G424[文化科学—课程与教学论]