语言经验对方言儿童元语言意识及其语言能力的影响研究  

Effects of Language Experience on Dialect(s)-Speaking Children's Metalinguistic Awareness and Linguistic Competence

作　　者：李荣宝[1] 李光泽[1] 苏炎奎[1] 王保昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学外国语学院,福州350007

出　　处：《语言文字应用》2016年第1期26-35,共10页Applied Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目"方言儿童的元语言意识及其双语效应和迁移"(项目编号:09BYY021);教育部人文社科基金青年项目"中国学生英语词汇认读发展研究"(项目编号:14YJC740037)的资助

摘　　要：语言经验对方言儿童元语言意识的整体影响是明显的,语言经验还对方言儿童部分语言能力产生影响。和普通话儿童相比,方言儿童在元语言意识和语言能力方面均表现出劣势。研究认为,元语言意识的实质是对语言现象进行范畴化的认知过程,方言儿童元语言意识的发展受到文字系统和语言使用的制约。研究结果对于我国方言政策的制定和方言儿童语言能力教育具有一定的启示意义。This study examined the effects of language experience on metalinguistic awareness and linguistic competence of three different groups of Chinese children（ monolingual speakers of Mandarin,bilingual speakers of both dialect and Mandarin,trilingual speakers of both dual dialects and Mandarin）. A total number of 199 children ranging from preschoolers to third graders participated in this study. They were tested in Chinese on a number of metalinguistic awareness and linguistic competence measures including phonological awareness,word awareness,syntactic awareness,word reading,reading fluency,and reading comprehension. Results showed that Mandarin monolinguals outperformed dialect（ s）-speakers on all metalinguistic awareness tasks and partly onlinguistic competence tasks,contrary to the findings documented in previous studies. In addition,the results indicated that the essence of the development of metalinguistic awareness is a cognitive process of the linguistic categorization impacted by the learning of writing system and the variety of language use. The study is significant for the implementation of dialect policy and language teaching for the children in dialect communities.

关 键 词：方言儿童 元语言意识 语言能力 双语劣势 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]