庄子与卢梭的自由观比较  

A Comparative Study on Chuang-tzu and Rousseau's Freedom Views

作　　者：孙旭鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学人文学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第2期40-45,共6页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"中国古代谏议制的儒家思想基础研究"(13BZX047);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助和江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目"荀子的礼法观与现代法治精神"(KYLX_0070)

摘　　要：庄子与卢梭作为中西方哲学上的重要代表人物,其思想上既有契合之处,也存在着明显分歧。契合之处在于,二者都以追寻"自由"为目标,并且认同"自然",批判"文明";分歧之处在于,二者实现"自由"的途径不同:庄子立足于"个体",认为"自然"即是"自由",卢梭则诉诸"社会",认为人类必将走出"自然","自由"只能依靠社会契约来实现。庄子与卢梭的自由观充满着个体与社会的张力:庄子关注"个体"的同时饱含着对"社会"的隐忧,卢梭诉诸"社会"的同时也倾注了对"个体"的关怀。通过比较庄子与卢梭的自由观,有助于我们加深"个体"与"社会"之间关系的理解,促进个体自由与社会进步。Chuang- tzu and Rousseau are important representatives of Chinese and western philosophy.There are a lot in common,also obvious differences on their thoughts. The common is that they pursue ＂freedom＂as the goal,and recognize＂nature＂,criticize＂civilization＂; the differences lie in the two ways of realizing ＂freedom＂： Chuang- tzu bases on ＂individual＂,＂nature＂is ＂freedom＂. Rousseau resorts to ＂society＂,going out of ＂nature＂,relying on ＂social contract＂to achieve ＂freedom＂. Chuang- tzu and Rousseau＇s freedom views are filled with the tension between the ＂individual＂and ＂society＂. Chuang- tzu pays close attention to ＂individual＂while worrying about the ＂society＂,while Rousseau resorts to ＂society＂while taking care of ＂individual＂. By comparing Chuang- tzu and Rousseau＇s freedom views,we can deepen comprehension on the relationship of ＂individual＂and ＂society＂,promoting individual freedom and social progress.

关 键 词：庄子 卢梭 自然 文明 自由 个体 社会 

分 类 号：B223.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B565.26