基于图分割的高分辨率遥感影像建筑物变化检测研究  

The Research on Building Change Detection from High Resolution Remotely Sensed Imagery Based on Graph-cut Segmentation

作　　者：施文灶[1,2,3,4] 毛政元[1,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]福州大学空间数据挖掘与信息共享教育部重点实验室,福州350002 [2]福建师范大学光电与信息工程学院,福州350108 [3]福州大学地理空间信息技术国家地方联合工程技术研究中心,福州350002 [4]福州大学福建省空间信息工程研究中心,福州350002

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2016年第3期423-432,共10页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201427);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAC08B02-01);福建省教育厅项目(JB14038)

摘　　要：建筑物是城市地理数据库中最容易发生变化和最需要更新的部分,其更新工作量巨大,因此开展对高分辨率遥感影像中的建筑物进行自动提取和变化检测研究具有重要的意义。本文以精确提取变化建筑物的位置和轮廓为目标,基于图分割提出一种高分辨率遥感影像建筑物变化检测方法。首先,将遥感影像中的每个像元映射成图的顶点,利用像元之间的距离阈值构造图的边,综合利用位置、灰度和边缘3种特征计算边的权值,将遥感影像的分割转化为图的分割,并用归一化图分割方法得到分割对象集合;然后,以长宽比和矩形度作为约束条件,对2期遥感影像中的分割对象集合进行筛选,提取建筑物对象;最后,根据2期影像中建筑物之间的空间、面积和格局关系识别建筑物的变化类型(包括新增、消失和改建),并对其进行可视化表达。为了验证本文方法的有效性,分别以深圳市的World View影像和北京市的Quick Bird全色影像为数据源,从中选取13组具有代表性的子影像进行实验。结果表明,本文提出的方法对配准精度较低的影像组具有一定的适应性,容许的配准误差达到20个像元(10 m),平均查准率和平均查全率分别达到93.16%和87.90%。Buildings are most prone to change and the most in need of update in the urban geographic database, but its workload is heavy. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the automatic extraction and change detection of buildings in high-resolution remotely sensed imagery. In order to extract the precise locations and boundaries of the changed buildings, this article proposed an approach for building change detection from the high- resolution remotely sensed imagery based on the graph- cut segmentation.Firstly, each pixel in the remotely sensed imagery was mapped into the vertex of a graph. The edges of the graph were constructed using a distance threshold between pixels, and their weight values were set according to the comprehensive characteristic calculation using the position, intensity and contour. The segmentation of remotely sensed imagery was transformed into graph partitioning, and the segmentation objects set was obtained through normalized graph- cut segmentation method. Then, buildings were extracted by selecting the segmentation objects sets of two temporal remotely sensed imageries with constraint integrating aspect ratio and rectangularity. Last, the change types of buildings were identified, including the newly added buildings, building disappearance and building reconstruction, and their visualizations were expressed, according to the relationships of spaces, areas and configurations between buildings from the two temporal remotely sensed imageries. For verifying the validity of the proposed method, 13 representative sub- image pairs were chosen from the World View images which cover the Shenzhen city and the Quick Bird panchromatic images which cover the Beijing city, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed method has revealed certain adaptability to the image pairs with low registration accuracy, which allows a permissible registration error up to 20pixels（10 meters）, and the average precision rate and recall rate of the proposed method are 93.16% and 87.90% respective

关 键 词：高分辨率遥感影像 图分割 建筑物 变化检测 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] TP751[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]