挤压法制备疏水化烷基羧甲基淀粉醚的结构表征  

Structural characterization of hexadecyl carboxymethyl starchderivates by extrustion

作　　者：解梦汐 赵卓[1,2] 王霞[1] 崔晓彤[1] 李凡姝[1] 王崇[1] 肖志刚[1] 朱旻鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学粮食学院,沈阳110034 [2]沈阳师范大学化学化工学院,沈阳110034

出　　处：《沈阳师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第1期28-32,共5页Journal of Shenyang Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家星火计划资助项目(2015GA650007);辽宁"百千万人才工程"入选项目(2013921038)

摘　　要：以羧甲基淀粉为原料,溴代十六烷为醚化剂,NaOH为催化剂,利用双螺杆挤压机在干法挤压条件下制备了一种高碳疏水基团的十六烷基羧甲基淀粉醚。利用紫外分光光度计、红外光谱分析仪、X射线衍射分析仪、RVA及扫描电子显微镜等对不同取代度的十六烷基羧甲基淀粉醚的结构和物理性质进行了表征比较。结果显示:随着醚化取代度的增加(DS=0、0.024 7、0.0486、0.059 1、0.071 1):产物的乳化性及乳化稳定性逐渐增大,且黏度的各项特征值呈现先增大后减小的趋势;与原羧甲基淀粉相比,X射线衍射图中淀粉微晶结构略有增加,亚微晶结构相对减少,淀粉结晶类型改变;在挤压和醚化反应的共同作用下,羟基之间的脱水反应会影响淀粉的热稳定性,十六烷基羧甲基淀粉醚比原淀粉热分解的更快更早。CMS derivatives having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic characteristics were synthesized by reacting CMS with cetyl bromide（CB）using an extrusion process in an alkaline etherification reaction.Under different reaction conditions,a series of hexadecyl carboxymethyl starch ethers（HCSEex）with different degrees of substitution（0,0.0257,0.049 6,0.058 1,0.070 1）were characterized based on their physical（morphology and viscosity）and thermal properties.The FT-IR,TGA and X-ray results confirmed that etherification produced high reaction efficiencies and the derivatives exhibites excellent emulsification efficiency,and with the increase of the substitution degree,the various viscosity characteristic values showed a trend of decrease after the first increase;X-ray diffraction diagram shows that the crystal types of starch are changed.Under the combination of etherification and extrusion,CMS derivates decompose earlier than native starch.

关 键 词：羧甲基淀粉 溴代十六烷 疏水化 乳化性 

分 类 号：TS2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]