北京中学生对儿童虐待认知的定性研究  

Qualitative research of awareness on child abuse among middle school students

作　　者：齐亚静[1] 童小军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国青年政治学院少年儿童研究所,北京100089

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2016年第3期351-353,357,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解北京中学生对儿童虐待的认知状况,为开展以学校为基础的儿童虐待预防提供参考依据。方法于2014年12月,采用一对一深入访谈法,对北京市某初中和某高中20名13-17岁的初、高中生进行访谈。结果在参与访谈的20名中学生中,有75%认为儿童虐待与暴力有关,包括身体虐待和精神/心理虐待两方面内容,主要包括程度严重的打骂（47%）、冷落和嘲讽（9%）、不满足孩子的基本需要（9%）、期望过高/思想控制（16%）、强迫行为（13%）和疏于照顾（6%）等。关于儿童虐待信息的获得渠道主要包括媒体（77%）、书籍刊物（38%）、老师讲述（23%）和同学经历（15%）。就自身经历而言,有70%的被访学生表示在童年期有过被打骂的经历,但仅有15%的学生认为父母的这种行为属于儿童虐待的范畴。结论中学生通过多种途径认识和了解儿童虐待,但在养育观念上存在一定的认知偏差。亟需在观念意识层面普及中学生的儿童虐待知识和预防常识。Objective To understand the awareness on child abuse among middle school students, and to provide evidence for child abuse prevention and health education program development in school environment. Methods By using in-depth interview, 20 middle school students aged 13- 17 were interviewed one by one in December 2014. Results Among 20 middle school students, 75% agreed that child abuse was related to violence, including physical abuse and mental / psychological abuse, such as beating and scolding seriously（ 47%）; desolate and ridicule（ 9%）; not meeting the child＇s basic needs（ 9%）; high expectations and thought control（ 16%）; forced behavior（ 13%） and neglect（ 6%） etc. And their access to child abuse information mainly included media（ 77%）, books and magazines（ 38%）, teachers（ 23%） and classmates（ 15%）; About their own experience, 70% of the surveyed students said that they had been beaten in childhood, but only 15% of them thought that was child abuse. Conclusion Middle school students knew and understood child abuse from a variety of ways, but there was cognitive bias in their parenting concept, and it is urgent to popularize the knowledge and awareness of prevention of child abuse among middle school students.

关 键 词：虐待儿童 认知 定性研究 学生 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学] R179[文化科学—教育技术学]