心理干预对普外科护士的心理健康水平和工作倦怠的影响  

Effect of psychological intervention on mental health level and job burnout in general surgical nurses

作　　者：朱月梅[1] 张彦[2] 刘冬兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]滨海县人民医院普外科,江苏盐城224500 [2]中国人民解放军第三医院全军精神疾病防治中心,陕西宝鸡721004

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第6期733-735,740,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：军队中医药科研专项课题(10ZYX108)

摘　　要：目的探讨心理干预对普外科护士的心理健康水平及工作倦怠的影响。方法将90名普外科护士按随机数字表法分为心理干预组(试验组,45名)和非干预组(对照组,45名),进行随机双盲对照试验,采用90项症状自评量表和工作倦怠量表评分为观察指标。结果与对照组相比,试验组干预后SCL-90总分、阳性项目数、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性因子评分,工作倦怠总分、情感衰竭、个人成就感降低因子评分显著升高(P<0.05)。与干预前相比,试验组SCL-90总分、阳性项目数及所有因子(除躯体化、恐怖、偏执因子外),工作倦怠总分、情感衰竭、个人成就感降低因子评分显著降低(P<0.05)。试验组SCL-90总分、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑与工作倦怠总分及各因子评分呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。结论心理干预能改善普外科护士的心理健康水平,缓解其负性情绪,降低工作倦怠。提示护理管理者应当重视护士的负性情绪,从而保证其护理工作质量。[Objective]To explore the effects of psychological intervention on mental health level and job burnout in general surgical nurses. [Methods]90 general surgical nurses were divided into psychological intervention group （experimental group, 45cases） and non-intervention group （control group, 45 cases） by the method of the random number table, and a randomized double blind control trial was performed. Symptom Cheek List-90（SCL-90） and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey （MBIGS） were adopted in this study. [Results]After intervention, the total score and positive entry number of SCL-90, and factor scores of compulsion, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety and psychosis, as well as the total score, emotional exhaustion score, and reduced personal accomplishment score of MBI-GS in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group （P〈0.05）. In experimental group, the total score, positive entry number, and all factors （except for somatization, horror, and bigotry） scores of SCL-90, as well as the total score, emotional exhaustion score, and reduced personal accomplishment score of MBI-GS after intervention were significantly lower than those before intervention （P〈0.05）. In experimental group, the total score, interpersonal relationship score, depression score, anxiety score were significantly positively correlated with the total score, all factor scores of MBI-GS （P〈0.01）. [Conclusion]Psychological intervention can improve the mental health level, relieve negative emotion, and reduce job burnout in general surgical nurses. It suggests that nursing administrators should pay more attention to nurses＇ negative emotion to ensure their nursing quality.

关 键 词：普外科护士 心理干预 心理健康水平 工作倦怠 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]