口腔急诊颞下颌关节脱位发病特点及相关因素分析  

Temporomandibular joint dislocation during emergency care:pathogenetic features and related risk factors

作　　者：孙磊[1] 包博[1] 牛忠英[1] 郭杨[1] 胡秀英 

机构地区：[1]解放军第306医院全军口腔疾病诊治中心,主治医师北京100101 [2]北京市延庆县妇幼保健院口腔科,副主任医师北京102100

出　　处：《口腔颌面修复学杂志》2016年第2期74-77,共4页Chinese Journal of Prosthodontics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目编号:30870598);北京市科学技术委员会基金(项目编号:Z131100004013050)

摘　　要：目的:分析口腔急诊患者中颞下颌关节脱位的发病特点及相关因素,为防治颞下颌关节脱位提供临床依据。方法:研究对象为2008年1月至2012年10月在解放军第306医院口腔急诊就诊的颞下颌关节脱位患者94例。以问诊调查方式研究分析患者的基本情况、关节脱位的类型、性质、原因及治疗方法等。用x^2检验,SPSS16.0数据包进行统计学分析。结果:在口腔急诊患者中颞下颌关节脱位患者占3.60%;年龄分布为8-92岁,20-29岁为40.42%;双侧前脱位为83例(88.30%);急性脱位61例(64.89%);有颞下颌关节疾病史、张口过大造成颞下颌关节脱位74例(78.72%)。结论:在口腔急诊颞下颌关节脱位患者以急性、双侧前脱位多见,以有颞下颌关节疾病史加上张口过大,如打哈欠、咬硬物、大笑为诱因居多,手法复位加绷带制动为有效治疗手段,及时诊治颞下颌关节疾病,强化口腔健康宣教对防治颞下颌关节脱位是十分必要的。Objective： To investigate the pathogenetic features and related risk factors of temporomandibular joint（TMJ）dislocation during emergency care in general hospital. Methods： A retrospective study was carried out in 94 patients with temporomandibular joint dislocation in emergency evaluation in general hospital from January 2008 to October 2012. The survey included patient＇s gender, age, clinical subtype, medical history, etiology and therapy of TMJ dislocation. Results：Patients with TMJ dislocation accounted for 3.60% in emergency. Patients, age ranged from 8 to 92 years and peak incidence was at 20-29 years. Bilateral anterior dislocation was seen in 83（88.30%） patients. Acute dislocation accounted for61（64.89%） in 94 patients. Excessive mouth opening（74 cases） was the major cause of dislocation. Manual reduction and bandage brake were effective. Conclusion： The largest proportion in TMJ dislocation is acute and bilateral anterior dislocation. Excessive mouth opening is the most common cause. Manual reduction and bandage brake was effective for TMJ dislocation. Enforcing oral health education is important to prevent TMJ dislocation.

关 键 词：口腔急诊 颞下颌关节脱位 特点分析 

分 类 号：R782.6[医药卫生—口腔医学]